A Flexible and Generic Functional Mock-up Unit Based Threat Injection Framework for Grid-interactive Efficient Buildings

Grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs) have been considered as an important part to support the power balancing in power grids by utilizing their demand flexibility. The integration of different building technologies and network-based communication system makes GEBs vulnerable to passive threats such as equipment and system failures and active threats such as cyber-attacks. This paper proposes a generic and flexible threat injection framework for commonly-used building energy simulators such as Modelica to support the threat modeling and evaluation. This framework leverages the development of functional mock-up unit (FMU) to provide a general modeling interface for the threat injection and simulation. A numerical case study is conducted to demonstrate the capability of the framework for supporting the modeling and simulation of a cyber-attack on a GEB.