TY - CHAP
T1 - A framework for accelerating bottlenecks in GPU execution with assist warps
AU - Vijaykumar, N.
AU - Pekhimenko, G.
AU - Jog, A.
AU - Ghose, S.
AU - Bhowmick, A.
AU - Ausavarungnirun, R.
AU - Das, C.
AU - Kandemir, M.
AU - Mowry, T. C.
AU - Mutlu, O.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/9/8
Y1 - 2016/9/8
N2 - Modern graphics processing units (GPUs) are well provisioned to support the concurrent execution of thousands of threads. Unfortunately, different bottlenecks during execution and heterogeneous application requirements create imbalances in utilization of resources in the cores. For example, when a GPU is bottlenecked by the available off-chip memory bandwidth, its computational resources are often overwhelmingly idle, waiting for data from memory to arrive.This chapter describes the Core-Assisted Bottleneck Acceleration (CABA) framework that employs idle on-chip resources to alleviate different bottlenecks in GPU execution. CABA provides flexible mechanisms to automatically generate "assist warps" that execute on GPU cores to perform specific tasks that can improve GPU performance and efficiency.CABA enables the use of idle computational units and pipelines to alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck, for example, by using assist warps to perform data compression to transfer less data from memory. Conversely, the same framework can be employed to handle cases where the GPU is bottlenecked by the available computational units, in which case, the memory pipelines are idle and can be used by CABA to speed up computation, for example, by performing memoization using assist warps.We provide a comprehensive design and evaluation of CABA to perform effective and flexible data compression in the GPU memory hierarchy to alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck. Our extensive evaluations show that CABA, when used to implement data compression, provides on average a performance improvement of 41.7% (as high as 2.6×) across a variety of memory-bandwidth-sensitive general-purpose GPU applications.We believe that CABA is a flexible framework that enables the use of idle resources to improve application performance with different optimizations and to perform other useful tasks. We discuss how CABA can be used, for example, for memoization, prefetching, handling interrupts, profiling, redundant multithreading, and speculative precomputation.
AB - Modern graphics processing units (GPUs) are well provisioned to support the concurrent execution of thousands of threads. Unfortunately, different bottlenecks during execution and heterogeneous application requirements create imbalances in utilization of resources in the cores. For example, when a GPU is bottlenecked by the available off-chip memory bandwidth, its computational resources are often overwhelmingly idle, waiting for data from memory to arrive.This chapter describes the Core-Assisted Bottleneck Acceleration (CABA) framework that employs idle on-chip resources to alleviate different bottlenecks in GPU execution. CABA provides flexible mechanisms to automatically generate "assist warps" that execute on GPU cores to perform specific tasks that can improve GPU performance and efficiency.CABA enables the use of idle computational units and pipelines to alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck, for example, by using assist warps to perform data compression to transfer less data from memory. Conversely, the same framework can be employed to handle cases where the GPU is bottlenecked by the available computational units, in which case, the memory pipelines are idle and can be used by CABA to speed up computation, for example, by performing memoization using assist warps.We provide a comprehensive design and evaluation of CABA to perform effective and flexible data compression in the GPU memory hierarchy to alleviate the memory bandwidth bottleneck. Our extensive evaluations show that CABA, when used to implement data compression, provides on average a performance improvement of 41.7% (as high as 2.6×) across a variety of memory-bandwidth-sensitive general-purpose GPU applications.We believe that CABA is a flexible framework that enables the use of idle resources to improve application performance with different optimizations and to perform other useful tasks. We discuss how CABA can be used, for example, for memoization, prefetching, handling interrupts, profiling, redundant multithreading, and speculative precomputation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027130746&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-803738-6.00015-X
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-803738-6.00015-X
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85027130746
SN - 9780128037386
SP - 372
EP - 415
BT - Advances in GPU Research and Practice
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -