TY - JOUR
T1 - A high legume low glycemic index diet improves serum lipid profiles in men
AU - Zhang, Zhiying
AU - Lanza, Elaine
AU - Kris-Etherton, Penny M.
AU - Colburn, Nancy H.
AU - Bagshaw, Deborah
AU - Rovine, Michael J.
AU - Ulbrecht, Jan S.
AU - Bobe, Gerd
AU - Chapkin, Robert S.
AU - Hartman, Terryl J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments The present study was supported by the National Cancer Institute (subcontract 25XS101) with partial support provided by the General Clinical Research Center at Penn State University (NIH M01 RR 10732). We would like to thank Amy Ciccarella, Sami Heim, and Mary Lou Kiel for their help with menu and food preparation, Diane Mitchell and Linda Phelps for their assistance with the analysis of 24-h dietary recalls, and Dr. Lawrence Demers at Hershey Medical Center for the measurement of lipid profiles. All of the authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript and there was no conflict of interest with the present paper. The authors’ contributions were as follows: ZZ conducted research with participants, data analysis, and write up of manuscript; EL designed the research, contributed to data interpretation and manuscript preparation; PMKE and NHC contributed to data interpretation and manuscript preparation; DB conducted research with participants and and was involved with the write up of the manuscript; MJR contributed to data analysis and the write up of the manuscript; JSU, GB, and RSC contributed to data interpretation and the write up of the manuscript; and TJH designed research, contributed to data interpretation and manuscript preparation, and study oversight.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - Clinical studies have shown that fiber consumption facilitates weight loss and improves lipid profiles; however, the beneficial effects of high fermentable fiber low glycemic index (GI) diets under conditions of weight maintenance are unclear. In the Legume Inflammation Feeding Experiment, a randomized controlled cross-over feeding study, 64 middle-aged men who had undergone colonoscopies within the previous 2 years received both a healthy American (HA) diet (no legume consumption, fiber consumption = 9 g/1,000 kcal, and GI = 69) and a legume enriched (1.5 servings/1,000 kcal), high fiber (21 g/1,000 kcal), low GI (GI = 38) diet (LG) in random order. Diets were isocaloric and controlled for macronutrients including saturated fat; they were consumed each for 4 weeks with a 2-4 week break separating dietary treatments. Compared to the HA diet, the LG diet led to greater declines in both fasting serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). Insulin-resistant (IR) subjects had greater reductions in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; P < 0.01), and triglycerides (TAG)/HDL-C (P = 0.02) after the LG diet, compared to the HA diet. Insulin-sensitive (IS) subjects had greater reductions in TC (P < 0.001), LDL-C (P < 0.01), TC/HDL-C (P < 0.01), and LDL-C/HDL-C (P = 0.02) after the LG diet, compared to the HA diet. In conclusion, a high legume, high fiber, low GI diet improves serum lipid profiles in men, compared to a healthy American diet. However, IR individuals do not achieve the full benefits of the same diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD) lipid risk factors.
AB - Clinical studies have shown that fiber consumption facilitates weight loss and improves lipid profiles; however, the beneficial effects of high fermentable fiber low glycemic index (GI) diets under conditions of weight maintenance are unclear. In the Legume Inflammation Feeding Experiment, a randomized controlled cross-over feeding study, 64 middle-aged men who had undergone colonoscopies within the previous 2 years received both a healthy American (HA) diet (no legume consumption, fiber consumption = 9 g/1,000 kcal, and GI = 69) and a legume enriched (1.5 servings/1,000 kcal), high fiber (21 g/1,000 kcal), low GI (GI = 38) diet (LG) in random order. Diets were isocaloric and controlled for macronutrients including saturated fat; they were consumed each for 4 weeks with a 2-4 week break separating dietary treatments. Compared to the HA diet, the LG diet led to greater declines in both fasting serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). Insulin-resistant (IR) subjects had greater reductions in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; P < 0.01), and triglycerides (TAG)/HDL-C (P = 0.02) after the LG diet, compared to the HA diet. Insulin-sensitive (IS) subjects had greater reductions in TC (P < 0.001), LDL-C (P < 0.01), TC/HDL-C (P < 0.01), and LDL-C/HDL-C (P = 0.02) after the LG diet, compared to the HA diet. In conclusion, a high legume, high fiber, low GI diet improves serum lipid profiles in men, compared to a healthy American diet. However, IR individuals do not achieve the full benefits of the same diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD) lipid risk factors.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77957592791&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77957592791&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11745-010-3463-7
DO - 10.1007/s11745-010-3463-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 20734238
AN - SCOPUS:77957592791
SN - 0024-4201
VL - 45
SP - 765
EP - 775
JO - Lipids
JF - Lipids
IS - 9
ER -
