TY - JOUR
T1 - A pilot study of interferon α-2a, fluorouracil, and leucovorin given with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma
AU - Shapiro, Jeremy D.
AU - Harold, Nancy
AU - Takimoto, Chris
AU - Hamilton, J. Michael
AU - Vaughn, David
AU - Chen, Alice
AU - Steinberg, Seth M.
AU - Liewehr, David
AU - Allegra, Carmen
AU - Monahan, Brian
AU - Lash, Alex
AU - Grollman, Frank
AU - Flemming, Donald
AU - Behan, Katherine
AU - Johnston, Patrick G.
AU - Haller, Daniel
AU - Quinn, Mary
AU - Morrison, Geraldine
AU - Grem, Jean L.
PY - 1999/9
Y1 - 1999/9
N2 - We reported previously that the addition of recombinant Escherichia coli human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to a 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) regimen seemed to ameliorate diarrhea and permit increased 5-FU dose intensity (J. L. Greta et al., J. Clin. Oncol., 12: 560-568, 1994). We then tested the effect of GM-CSF given with a more toxic regimen of 5-FU/LV/IFN-α (IFN α-2a). Thirty-one patients with a good performance status and no prior chemotherapy for systemic disease received IFN α-2a (5 MU/m2 s.c., days 1-7), 5-FU (370 mg/m2 i.v., days 2- 6), LV (500 mg/m2 i.v., days 2-6), and GM-CSF (Saccharomyces cerevisiae 250 μg/m2 s.c., days 7-18) every 3 weeks. Toxicities and 5-FU dose intensity were compared with that observed in our prior Phase II trial with 5-FU/LV/IFN α-2a (J. L. Grem et al., J. Clin. Oncol., 11: 1737-1745, 1993). In comparison with the prior Phase 11 study, the WBC and granulocyte nadirs in the present trial were significantly higher. When trends in toxicity grades for all cycles were compared, stratifying for 5-FU dose, the incidence and severity of mucositis, skin rash, WBC toxicity, and granulocyte toxicity were significantly lower in the present trial, whereas nausea/vomiting and fatigue were significantly worse. The delivered 5-FU dose intensity for all cycles of therapy appeared to be significantly higher in the present trial. Six of 28 evaluable patients had a partial response (21.4%), and 13 (46%) had stable disease for ≥12 weeks. Despite treatment-related toxicity, patient quality of life did not worsen during the study. No correlation was observed between thymidylate synthase content in primary tumor specimens and response, time to treatment failure, or survival. The addition of GM-CSF appeared to decrease the severity of leukopenia, granulocytopenia, mucositis, and skin rash when compared with our prior experience with this regimen of 5-FU/LV/IFN α-2a, at the cost of greater nausea/vomiting and fatigue. The potential impact of increased 5-FU dose intensity on clinical response, however, remains to be determined.
AB - We reported previously that the addition of recombinant Escherichia coli human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to a 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) regimen seemed to ameliorate diarrhea and permit increased 5-FU dose intensity (J. L. Greta et al., J. Clin. Oncol., 12: 560-568, 1994). We then tested the effect of GM-CSF given with a more toxic regimen of 5-FU/LV/IFN-α (IFN α-2a). Thirty-one patients with a good performance status and no prior chemotherapy for systemic disease received IFN α-2a (5 MU/m2 s.c., days 1-7), 5-FU (370 mg/m2 i.v., days 2- 6), LV (500 mg/m2 i.v., days 2-6), and GM-CSF (Saccharomyces cerevisiae 250 μg/m2 s.c., days 7-18) every 3 weeks. Toxicities and 5-FU dose intensity were compared with that observed in our prior Phase II trial with 5-FU/LV/IFN α-2a (J. L. Grem et al., J. Clin. Oncol., 11: 1737-1745, 1993). In comparison with the prior Phase 11 study, the WBC and granulocyte nadirs in the present trial were significantly higher. When trends in toxicity grades for all cycles were compared, stratifying for 5-FU dose, the incidence and severity of mucositis, skin rash, WBC toxicity, and granulocyte toxicity were significantly lower in the present trial, whereas nausea/vomiting and fatigue were significantly worse. The delivered 5-FU dose intensity for all cycles of therapy appeared to be significantly higher in the present trial. Six of 28 evaluable patients had a partial response (21.4%), and 13 (46%) had stable disease for ≥12 weeks. Despite treatment-related toxicity, patient quality of life did not worsen during the study. No correlation was observed between thymidylate synthase content in primary tumor specimens and response, time to treatment failure, or survival. The addition of GM-CSF appeared to decrease the severity of leukopenia, granulocytopenia, mucositis, and skin rash when compared with our prior experience with this regimen of 5-FU/LV/IFN α-2a, at the cost of greater nausea/vomiting and fatigue. The potential impact of increased 5-FU dose intensity on clinical response, however, remains to be determined.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032883417&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 10499610
AN - SCOPUS:0032883417
SN - 1078-0432
VL - 5
SP - 2399
EP - 2408
JO - Clinical Cancer Research
JF - Clinical Cancer Research
IS - 9
ER -
