TY - JOUR
T1 - A review of chloride transport in alkali-activated cement paste, mortar, and concrete
AU - Osio-Norgaard, Jorge
AU - Gevaudan, Juan Pablo
AU - Srubar, Wil V.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was made possible by the Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering , the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the Living Materials Laboratory at the University of Colorado Boulder, with financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award No. CBET-1604457) and the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. The authors would also like to thank Prof. Joseph Kasprzyk for his useful insights in data analysis tools. This work represents the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the sponsors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/10/20
Y1 - 2018/10/20
N2 - In this review, we present a meta-analysis of experimental data concerning chloride transport in alkali-activated cement (AAC) paste, mortar, and concrete. Sixty-six (66) studies were reviewed with a primary focus on measurement methodology, mixture design, and process-structure-property relationships related to microstructural development (i.e., porosity, pore size distribution), chloride diffusion, and chloride binding. In general, this review elucidates that aluminosilicate precursors with high amorphous contents and increased fineness that are activated with solutions of high alkalinity (Na:Al ≥ 0.75) and silica content (Si:Al ≥ 1.5) in combination with heat-curing (>40 °C) lead to microstructural characteristics (e.g., binder gel chemistries) that improve chloride durability, even though interactions between these factors are not well understood. Descriptive statistics of reported AAC paste porosities and AAC concrete chloride diffusion coefficients by aluminosilicate precursor (i.e., fly ash, slag, calcined clay, natural clay, binary blends) are presented, along with a summative discussion regarding new opportunities for advancing current scientific understanding of chloride transport in AACs.
AB - In this review, we present a meta-analysis of experimental data concerning chloride transport in alkali-activated cement (AAC) paste, mortar, and concrete. Sixty-six (66) studies were reviewed with a primary focus on measurement methodology, mixture design, and process-structure-property relationships related to microstructural development (i.e., porosity, pore size distribution), chloride diffusion, and chloride binding. In general, this review elucidates that aluminosilicate precursors with high amorphous contents and increased fineness that are activated with solutions of high alkalinity (Na:Al ≥ 0.75) and silica content (Si:Al ≥ 1.5) in combination with heat-curing (>40 °C) lead to microstructural characteristics (e.g., binder gel chemistries) that improve chloride durability, even though interactions between these factors are not well understood. Descriptive statistics of reported AAC paste porosities and AAC concrete chloride diffusion coefficients by aluminosilicate precursor (i.e., fly ash, slag, calcined clay, natural clay, binary blends) are presented, along with a summative discussion regarding new opportunities for advancing current scientific understanding of chloride transport in AACs.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.119
DO - 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.119
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85050268684
SN - 0950-0618
VL - 186
SP - 191
EP - 206
JO - Construction and Building Materials
JF - Construction and Building Materials
ER -