A Survey on Home Energy Management Systems with Viewpoints of Concepts, Configurations, and Infrastructures

Home energy management systems can be defined as systems responsible for monitoring and managing electricity demand to optimize energy consumption. According to a report by the US Energy Information Administration, by 2030, the gap between electricity generation and consumption will reach more than 2 billion GWH, of which 30% of the demand is for the domestic sector, where energy management systems play an essential role in bridging the gap between production and demand. With the expansion of smart homes and companies that work in this field, many activities have been done so far to improve consumption patterns, demand response, monitoring, and control of high-consumption equipment. Home energy management systems consist of five parts: monitoring, control, management, logging, and fault detection. All these components must be directly or indirectly connected to the power company, renewable energy sources, and all household appliances (controllable or uncontrollable). This chapter comprehensively describes home energy management systems and reviews all the existing infrastructure and technologies to achieve the mentioned goals.