TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in additive manufacturing of metal-based functionally graded materials
AU - Reichardt, Ashley
AU - Shapiro, Andrew A.
AU - Otis, Richard
AU - Dillon, R. Peter
AU - Borgonia, John Paul
AU - McEnerney, Bryan W.
AU - Hosemann, Peter
AU - Beese, Allison M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and ASM International Published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the Institute and ASM International.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Over the 2010s technological improvements allowed metal additive manufacturing to graduate from a prototyping tool to a widespread, full-scale manufacturing process. Among the capabilities still under development, however, is the ability to locally tailor alloy composition and properties to fabricate bulk, complex geometry functionally graded materials (FGMs), eliminating the need for dissimilar-metal welds and joints. The challenge of compositional grading involves overcoming chemical, metallurgical, and thermal property differences to achieve a continuous structure between a wide range of selected combinations of alloys. In this review, examples are discussed of fabricating FGMs joining a variety of combinations of stainless, nickel, titanium and copper alloys, and FGMs joining metals to ceramics and metal-matrix composites. The change in design strategy enabled by practical FGMs may lead to effective use of biomimetic designs that are both much more efficient as well as aesthetically pleasing.
AB - Over the 2010s technological improvements allowed metal additive manufacturing to graduate from a prototyping tool to a widespread, full-scale manufacturing process. Among the capabilities still under development, however, is the ability to locally tailor alloy composition and properties to fabricate bulk, complex geometry functionally graded materials (FGMs), eliminating the need for dissimilar-metal welds and joints. The challenge of compositional grading involves overcoming chemical, metallurgical, and thermal property differences to achieve a continuous structure between a wide range of selected combinations of alloys. In this review, examples are discussed of fabricating FGMs joining a variety of combinations of stainless, nickel, titanium and copper alloys, and FGMs joining metals to ceramics and metal-matrix composites. The change in design strategy enabled by practical FGMs may lead to effective use of biomimetic designs that are both much more efficient as well as aesthetically pleasing.
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U2 - 10.1080/09506608.2019.1709354
DO - 10.1080/09506608.2019.1709354
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85077845464
SN - 0950-6608
VL - 66
SP - 1
EP - 29
JO - International Materials Reviews
JF - International Materials Reviews
IS - 1
ER -