TY - JOUR
T1 - An Environmentally Stable and Lead-Free Chalcogenide Perovskite
AU - Gupta, Tushar
AU - Ghoshal, Debjit
AU - Yoshimura, Anthony
AU - Basu, Swastik
AU - Chow, Philippe K.
AU - Lakhnot, Aniruddha S.
AU - Pandey, Juhi
AU - Warrender, Jeffrey M.
AU - Efstathiadis, Harry
AU - Soni, Ajay
AU - Osei-Agyemang, Eric
AU - Balasubramanian, Ganesh
AU - Zhang, Shengbai
AU - Shi, Su Fei
AU - Lu, Toh Ming
AU - Meunier, Vincent
AU - Koratkar, Nikhil
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Organic–inorganic halide perovskites are intrinsically unstable when exposed to moisture and/or light. Additionally, the presence of lead in many perovskites raises toxicity concerns. Herein, a thin film of barium zirconium sulfide (BaZrS3), a lead-free chalcogenide perovskite, is reported. Photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction measurements show that BaZrS3 is far more stable than methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) in moist environments. Moisture- and light-induced degradations in BaZrS3 and MAPbI3 are compared by using simulations and calculations based on density functional theory. The simulations reveal drastically slower degradation in BaZrS3 due to two factors—weak interaction with water and very low rates of ion migration. BaZrS3 photodetecting devices with photoresponsivity of ≈46.5 mA W−1 are also reported. The devices retain ≈60% of their initial photoresponse after 4 weeks under ambient conditions. Similar MAPbI3 devices degrade rapidly and show a ≈95% decrease in photoresponsivity in just 4 days. The findings establish the superior stability of BaZrS3 and strengthen the case for its use in optoelectronics. New possibilities for thermoelectric energy conversion using these materials are also demonstrated.
AB - Organic–inorganic halide perovskites are intrinsically unstable when exposed to moisture and/or light. Additionally, the presence of lead in many perovskites raises toxicity concerns. Herein, a thin film of barium zirconium sulfide (BaZrS3), a lead-free chalcogenide perovskite, is reported. Photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction measurements show that BaZrS3 is far more stable than methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) in moist environments. Moisture- and light-induced degradations in BaZrS3 and MAPbI3 are compared by using simulations and calculations based on density functional theory. The simulations reveal drastically slower degradation in BaZrS3 due to two factors—weak interaction with water and very low rates of ion migration. BaZrS3 photodetecting devices with photoresponsivity of ≈46.5 mA W−1 are also reported. The devices retain ≈60% of their initial photoresponse after 4 weeks under ambient conditions. Similar MAPbI3 devices degrade rapidly and show a ≈95% decrease in photoresponsivity in just 4 days. The findings establish the superior stability of BaZrS3 and strengthen the case for its use in optoelectronics. New possibilities for thermoelectric energy conversion using these materials are also demonstrated.
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U2 - 10.1002/adfm.202001387
DO - 10.1002/adfm.202001387
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85083772927
SN - 1616-301X
VL - 30
JO - Advanced Functional Materials
JF - Advanced Functional Materials
IS - 23
M1 - 2001387
ER -