TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of rainwater storage and use recommendations
T2 - From the perspective of DBPs generation and their risks
AU - Chen, Zhiwen
AU - Liao, Xiaobin
AU - Yang, Ye
AU - Han, Liu
AU - He, Zixiang
AU - Dong, Yingying
AU - YEO, Kanfolo Franck Herve
AU - Sun, Xubo
AU - Xue, Tongxuan
AU - Xie, Yuefeng
AU - Wang, Wendong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/4/15
Y1 - 2023/4/15
N2 - As a vital freshwater resource, rainwater is usually stored in water cellars in arid regions to solve the daily drinking water problems of the population. However, the status of disinfection by-products (DBPs) generation in cellar water under intermittent disinfection conditions is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the formation and distribution characteristics of DBPs in cellar water under intermittent disinfection conditions for the first time. The results demonstrated that six categories of DBPs were selected for detection after chlorination, including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloketones (HKs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), and nitrosamines (NAs), among which HAAs, HKs, and HANs were the major DBPs. Only bromoacetic acid (MBAA), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) showed an increasing trend of accumulation as the number of disinfections increased. Meanwhile, the precursor composition was gradually transformed from humic substances to amino acids, and both organic substances were the main precursors of HAAs. The health risk assessment showed that the main carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of cellar water were contributed by NAs and HAAs, respectively, and children are more susceptible to the risks than adults. The best time to drink cellar water is after approximately 12 days of storage, when the total carcinogenic risk is the minimum.
AB - As a vital freshwater resource, rainwater is usually stored in water cellars in arid regions to solve the daily drinking water problems of the population. However, the status of disinfection by-products (DBPs) generation in cellar water under intermittent disinfection conditions is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the formation and distribution characteristics of DBPs in cellar water under intermittent disinfection conditions for the first time. The results demonstrated that six categories of DBPs were selected for detection after chlorination, including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloketones (HKs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), and nitrosamines (NAs), among which HAAs, HKs, and HANs were the major DBPs. Only bromoacetic acid (MBAA), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) showed an increasing trend of accumulation as the number of disinfections increased. Meanwhile, the precursor composition was gradually transformed from humic substances to amino acids, and both organic substances were the main precursors of HAAs. The health risk assessment showed that the main carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of cellar water were contributed by NAs and HAAs, respectively, and children are more susceptible to the risks than adults. The best time to drink cellar water is after approximately 12 days of storage, when the total carcinogenic risk is the minimum.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130833
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130833
M3 - Article
C2 - 36716556
AN - SCOPUS:85147287856
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 448
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
M1 - 130833
ER -
