TY - JOUR
T1 - Anodic electrodeposition of highly oriented zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate films
AU - Takei, Takahiro
AU - Kobayashi, Yoji
AU - Hata, Hideo
AU - Yonesaki, Yoshinori
AU - Kumada, Nobuhiro
AU - Kinomura, Nobukazu
AU - Mallouk, Thomas E.
PY - 2006/12/27
Y1 - 2006/12/27
N2 - Films of highly oriented α-zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate with controllable thickness in the micrometer range were grown anodically on Pt electrodes. To optimize the electrodeposition conditions, the exfoliation of α-zirconium phosphate by tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts was investigated in several nonaqueous solvents. Acetonitrile was found to be the best solvent for making crack-free, oriented films because of its high vapor pressure, low viscosity, and relatively high permittivity. With TBA salts of neutral or weakly acidic anions (TBACl, TBABr, TBAl, TBA(HSO4), or TBA(H2PO4)), full exfoliation did not occur and α-zirconium phosphate and/or polyaniline were deposited as rough films. With basic anions (TBAF or TBAOH), dense, adherent films were obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns of the films showed that they were highly oriented along the stacking axis. The thickness could be controlled, up to about 40 μm, by limiting the time of the electrodeposition reaction. At monomer concentrations below 1.0 × 10-2 mol/dm3, the emeraldine form of the intercalated polymer was obtained. Electrodeposition thus provides a thick film alternative to layer-by-layer assembly for intercalation compounds of α-zirconium phosphate with a conducting polymer.
AB - Films of highly oriented α-zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate with controllable thickness in the micrometer range were grown anodically on Pt electrodes. To optimize the electrodeposition conditions, the exfoliation of α-zirconium phosphate by tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts was investigated in several nonaqueous solvents. Acetonitrile was found to be the best solvent for making crack-free, oriented films because of its high vapor pressure, low viscosity, and relatively high permittivity. With TBA salts of neutral or weakly acidic anions (TBACl, TBABr, TBAl, TBA(HSO4), or TBA(H2PO4)), full exfoliation did not occur and α-zirconium phosphate and/or polyaniline were deposited as rough films. With basic anions (TBAF or TBAOH), dense, adherent films were obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns of the films showed that they were highly oriented along the stacking axis. The thickness could be controlled, up to about 40 μm, by limiting the time of the electrodeposition reaction. At monomer concentrations below 1.0 × 10-2 mol/dm3, the emeraldine form of the intercalated polymer was obtained. Electrodeposition thus provides a thick film alternative to layer-by-layer assembly for intercalation compounds of α-zirconium phosphate with a conducting polymer.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33845936285&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33845936285&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/ja065677m
DO - 10.1021/ja065677m
M3 - Article
C2 - 17177412
AN - SCOPUS:33845936285
SN - 0002-7863
VL - 128
SP - 16634
EP - 16640
JO - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society
IS - 51
ER -