Assessment of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays for Vitamin D External Quality Assessment Scheme (DEQAS) materials distributed at ambient and frozen conditions

Christopher T. Sempos, Emma L. Williams, Graham D. Carter, Julia Jones, Johanna E. Camara, Carolyn Q. Burdette, Grace Hahm, Federica Nalin, David L. Duewer, Adam J. Kuszak, Joyce Merkel, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Pierre Lukas, Étienne Cavalier, Ramón A. Durazo-Arvizu, Peter M. Crump, Christian Popp, Christian Beckert, Jan Schultess, Glen Van SlootenCarole Tourneur, Camille Pease, Ravi Kaul, Alfredo Villarreal, Fiona Ivison, Ralf Fischer, Jody M.W. van den Ouweland, Chung S. Ho, Emmett W.K. Law, Jean Nicolas Simard, Renaud Gonthier, Brett Holmquist, Marcelo Cidade Batista, Sarah Meadows, Lorna Cox, Eugene Jansen, Dilshad Ahmed Khan, Kimberly Robyak, Michael H. Creer, Mark Kilbane, Patrick J. Twomey, James Freeman, Neil Parker, Jinyun Yuan, Robert Fitzgerald, Sohail Mushtaq, Michael W. Clarke, Norma Breen, Christine Simpson, Stephen A. Wise

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Vitamin D External Quality Assessment Scheme (DEQAS) distributes human serum samples four times per year to over 1000 participants worldwide for the determination of total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D)]. These samples are stored at −40 °C prior to distribution and the participants are instructed to store the samples frozen at −20 °C or lower after receipt; however, the samples are shipped to participants at ambient conditions (i.e., no temperature control). To address the question of whether shipment at ambient conditions is sufficient for reliable performance of various 25(OH)D assays, the equivalence of DEQAS human serum samples shipped under frozen and ambient conditions was assessed. As part of a Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) commutability study, two sets of the same nine DEQAS samples were shipped to participants at ambient temperature and frozen on dry ice. Twenty-eight laboratories participated in this study and provided 34 sets of results for the measurement of 25(OH)D using 20 ligand binding assays and 14 liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) methods. Equivalence of the assay response for the frozen versus ambient DEQAS samples for each assay was evaluated using multi-level modeling, paired t-tests including a false discovery rate (FDR) approach, and ordinary least squares linear regression analysis of frozen versus ambient results. Using the paired t-test and confirmed by FDR testing, differences in the results for the ambient and frozen samples were found to be statistically significant at p < 0.05 for four assays (DiaSorin, DIAsource, Siemens, and SNIBE prototype). For all 14 LC–MS/MS assays, the differences in the results for the ambient- and frozen-shipped samples were not found to be significant at p < 0.05 indicating that these analytes were stable during shipment at ambient conditions. Even though assay results have been shown to vary considerably among different 25(OH)D assays in other studies, the results of this study also indicate that sample handling/transport conditions may influence 25(OH)D assay response for several assays.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1015-1028
Number of pages14
JournalAnalytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
Volume414
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

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