TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of marijuana smoking with oropharyngeal and oral tongue cancers
T2 - Pooled analysis from the INHANCE consortium
AU - Marks, Morgan A.
AU - Chaturvedi, Anil K.
AU - Kelsey, Karl
AU - Straif, Kurt
AU - Berthiller, Julien
AU - Schwartz, Stephen M.
AU - Smith, Elaine
AU - Wyss, Annah
AU - Brennan, Paul
AU - Olshan, Andrew F.
AU - Wei, Qingyi
AU - Sturgis, Erich M.
AU - Zhang, Zuo Feng
AU - Morgenstern, Hal
AU - Muscat, Joshua
AU - Lazarus, Philip
AU - McClean, Michael
AU - Chen, Chu
AU - Vaughan, Thomas L.
AU - Wunsch-Filho, Victor
AU - Curado, Maria Paula
AU - Koifman, Sergio
AU - Matos, Elena
AU - Menezes, Ana
AU - Daudt, Alexander W.
AU - Fernandez, Leticia
AU - Posner, Marshall
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Amy Lee, Yuan Chin
AU - Hashibe, Mia
AU - D'Souza, Gypsyamber
PY - 2014/1
Y1 - 2014/1
N2 - Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal and oral tongue cancers has increased over the last 20 years which parallels increased use of marijuana among individuals born after 1950. Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted comprising individual-level data from nine case-control studies from the United States and Latin America in the INHANCE consortium. Self-reported information on marijuana smoking, demographic, and behavioral factors was obtained from 1,921 oropharyngeal cases, 356 oral tongue cases, and 7,639 controls. Results: Compared with never marijuana smokers, ever marijuana smokers had an elevated risk of oropharyngeal [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.47] and a reduced risk of oral tongue cancer (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29, 0.75). The risk of oropharyngeal cancer remained elevated among never tobacco and alcohol users. The risk of oral tongue cancer was reduced among never users of tobacco and alcohol. Sensitivity analysis adjusting for potential confounding by HPV exposure attenuated the association of marijuana use with oropharyngeal cancer (aOR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.71-1.25), but had no effect on the oral tongue cancer association. Conclusions: These results suggest that the association of marijuana use with head and neck carcinoma may differ by tumor site. Impact: The associations of marijuana use with oropharyngeal and oral tongue cancer are consistent with both possible pro- and anticarcinogenic effects of cannabinoids. Additional work is needed to rule out various sources of bias, including residual confounding by HPV infection and misclassification of marijuana exposure. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(1); 160-71.
AB - Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal and oral tongue cancers has increased over the last 20 years which parallels increased use of marijuana among individuals born after 1950. Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted comprising individual-level data from nine case-control studies from the United States and Latin America in the INHANCE consortium. Self-reported information on marijuana smoking, demographic, and behavioral factors was obtained from 1,921 oropharyngeal cases, 356 oral tongue cases, and 7,639 controls. Results: Compared with never marijuana smokers, ever marijuana smokers had an elevated risk of oropharyngeal [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.47] and a reduced risk of oral tongue cancer (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29, 0.75). The risk of oropharyngeal cancer remained elevated among never tobacco and alcohol users. The risk of oral tongue cancer was reduced among never users of tobacco and alcohol. Sensitivity analysis adjusting for potential confounding by HPV exposure attenuated the association of marijuana use with oropharyngeal cancer (aOR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.71-1.25), but had no effect on the oral tongue cancer association. Conclusions: These results suggest that the association of marijuana use with head and neck carcinoma may differ by tumor site. Impact: The associations of marijuana use with oropharyngeal and oral tongue cancer are consistent with both possible pro- and anticarcinogenic effects of cannabinoids. Additional work is needed to rule out various sources of bias, including residual confounding by HPV infection and misclassification of marijuana exposure. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(1); 160-71.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84892684826&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84892684826&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0181
DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0181
M3 - Article
C2 - 24351902
AN - SCOPUS:84892684826
SN - 1055-9965
VL - 23
SP - 160
EP - 171
JO - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
JF - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
IS - 1
ER -