Aulacidea manchuria Nastasi sp. nov., a new herb gall wasp from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Aulacideini), with commentary on hawkweed (Asteraceae: Hieraciinae) gall wasps

We describe Aulacidea manchuria Nastasi sp. nov., a new species of herb gall wasp from China and the second species of Aulacidea Ashmead, 1897 to be described from the country. Based on morphological data, A. manchuria belongs to the Aulacidea hieracii group, which is known to induce galls on the stems, leaves, and stolons of Hieracium L. and Pilosella Hill; we provide a key to Eastern Palearctic females of this species group to better enable identification of these species. We discuss records of herb gall wasps from China, the recognition of hawkweed gall wasp species, and further issues with taxonomy of this species group and of Aulacidea.