TY - JOUR
T1 - Bayesian Gower agreement for categorical data
AU - Hughes, John
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.
PY - 2025/12
Y1 - 2025/12
N2 - In this work I present two methods for measuring agreement in nominal and ordinal data. The measures, which employ Gower-type distances, are simple, intuitive, and easy to compute for any number of units and any number of coders. Influential units and/or coders are easily identified. I consider both one-way and two-way random sampling designs, and develop an approach to Bayesian inference for each. I apply the methods to simulated data and to two real datasets, the first from a one-way radiological study of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and the second from a two-way study of psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, I consider agreement scales and suggest that Gaussian mutual information can perhaps provide a scale that is more useful than the scale most commonly used. The methods I propose are supported by my open source R package, goweragreement, which is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.
AB - In this work I present two methods for measuring agreement in nominal and ordinal data. The measures, which employ Gower-type distances, are simple, intuitive, and easy to compute for any number of units and any number of coders. Influential units and/or coders are easily identified. I consider both one-way and two-way random sampling designs, and develop an approach to Bayesian inference for each. I apply the methods to simulated data and to two real datasets, the first from a one-way radiological study of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and the second from a two-way study of psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, I consider agreement scales and suggest that Gaussian mutual information can perhaps provide a scale that is more useful than the scale most commonly used. The methods I propose are supported by my open source R package, goweragreement, which is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85218688914
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85218688914#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-025-90873-9
DO - 10.1038/s41598-025-90873-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 39994317
AN - SCOPUS:85218688914
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 15
JO - Scientific reports
JF - Scientific reports
IS - 1
M1 - 6568
ER -