Bioavailability of albumin-bound testosterone

Andrea Manni, William M. Pardridge, William Cefalu, Bruce C. Nisula, C. Wayne Bardin, Steven J. Santner, Richard J. Santen

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232 Scopus citations

Abstract

The unbound fraction of plasma testosterone (T) can freely enter tissues, whereas the bioavailability of the albumin-bound T is controversial. A clinical observation in hirsute women receiving spironolactone suggested an experimental paradigm to test the effect of albumin binding on T bioavailability. We found an increase in the non-T-estrogen-binding globulin-bound fraction of plasma T in women from 24.1 ± 3.9% to 42.0 ± 8.1% (±SEM) while they received spironolactone. Computer modeling indicated that the absolute increase in the albumin-bound T concentration would be about 22.4-fold greater than that in the unbound T concentration (the ratio of albuminbound to free T remaining virtually constant) because of the binding of T to albumin. We reasoned that the addition of graded amounts of spironolactone and its metabolites to plasma would provide a means to increase the albumin-bound T concentration appreciably. We evaluated the biological effects of this perturbation of T transport by spironolactone and its metabolites in a bioassay system using the Oldendorf technique. Bioavailable T increased proportionately with increments in free and albumin-bound T (r = 0.85; P < 0.01). A major portion of the albumin-bound T (i.e. 55%) entered tissues under all conditions; the amount that was bioavailable vastly exceeded the amount of T that was unbound in the injected samples. An index of the amount of bioavailable T can be determined using the ammonium sulfate precipitation technique, as the percentage of non- T-estrogen-binding globulin-bound T in vitro correlated well with T bioavailability in vitro (r = 0.86; P < 0.01). These studies support the conclusion that albumin-bound T is biologically important.(J Clin Endocrinol Metab 61: 705, 1985).

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)705-710
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume61
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 1985

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Biochemistry, medical

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