Cadaveric surgical demonstration of middle to distal ureteral injury repairs in urologic and gynecologic surgeries

Introduction and hypothesis: Iatrogenic ureteral injuries can occur during any surgery but are more likely to occur during urologic and gynecologic procedures. The middle and distal ureter are especially at risk of injury during these surgeries. Methods: The objective of this surgical educational video was to demonstrate how to repair middle to distal ureteral injuries with the following techniques: direct ureteroureterostomy, ureteroneocystotomy, vesico-psoas hitch, and Boari-Ockerblad bladder flap. Results: A female cadaver was used to show how to surgically repair injuries to the middle and distal ureter. Conclusions: Middle to distal ureteral injuries occurring during urologic and gynecologic surgeries can be repaired by the techniques demonstrated in this video manuscript.