TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of hard piezoelectric lead-free ceramics
AU - Zhang, Shujun
AU - Lim, Jong Bong
AU - Lee, Hyeong Jae
AU - Shrout, Thomas R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received august 29, 2008; accepted november 17, 2008. This work was supported by the onr and nIH under no. P41-rr11795. The authors are with the Materials research Institute, Pennsylvania state University, University Park, Pa, 16802 (e-mail: [email protected]). digital object Identifier 10.1109/TUFFc.2009.1215
PY - 2009/8
Y1 - 2009/8
N2 - K 4CuNb 8O 23 doped K 0.45N a0.55NbO 3 (KNN- KCN) ferroelectric ceramics were found to exhibit asymmetrical polarization hysteresis loops, related to the development of an internal bias field. The internal bias field is believed to be the result of defect dipoles of acceptor ions and oxygen vacancies, which lead to piezoelectric "hardening" effect, by stabilizing and pinning of the domain wall motion. The dielectric loss for the hard lead-free piezoelectric ceramic was found to be 0.6%, with mechanical quality factors Q on the order of >1500. Furthermore, the piezoelectric properties were found to decrease and the coercive field increased, when compared with the undoped material, exhibiting a typical characteristic of "hard" behavior. The temperature usage range was limited by the polymorphic phase transition temperature, being 188°C. The full set of material constants was determined for the KNN-KCN materials. Compared with conventional hard PZT ceramics, the lead-free possessed lower dielectric and piezoelectric properties; however, comparable values of mechanical Q, dielectric loss, and coercive fields were obtained, making acceptor modified KNN based lead-free piezoelectric material promising for high-power applications, where lead- free materials are desirable.
AB - K 4CuNb 8O 23 doped K 0.45N a0.55NbO 3 (KNN- KCN) ferroelectric ceramics were found to exhibit asymmetrical polarization hysteresis loops, related to the development of an internal bias field. The internal bias field is believed to be the result of defect dipoles of acceptor ions and oxygen vacancies, which lead to piezoelectric "hardening" effect, by stabilizing and pinning of the domain wall motion. The dielectric loss for the hard lead-free piezoelectric ceramic was found to be 0.6%, with mechanical quality factors Q on the order of >1500. Furthermore, the piezoelectric properties were found to decrease and the coercive field increased, when compared with the undoped material, exhibiting a typical characteristic of "hard" behavior. The temperature usage range was limited by the polymorphic phase transition temperature, being 188°C. The full set of material constants was determined for the KNN-KCN materials. Compared with conventional hard PZT ceramics, the lead-free possessed lower dielectric and piezoelectric properties; however, comparable values of mechanical Q, dielectric loss, and coercive fields were obtained, making acceptor modified KNN based lead-free piezoelectric material promising for high-power applications, where lead- free materials are desirable.
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U2 - 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1215
DO - 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1215
M3 - Article
C2 - 19686966
AN - SCOPUS:68649108665
SN - 0885-3010
VL - 56
SP - 1523
EP - 1527
JO - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
JF - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
IS - 8
M1 - 5183577
ER -