TY - JOUR
T1 - Combustion characteristics of nanoaluminum, liquid water, and hydrogen peroxide mixtures
AU - Sabourin, J. L.
AU - Risha, G. A.
AU - Yetter, R. A.
AU - Son, S. F.
AU - Tappan, B. C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Office under the Multi-university Research Initiative under Contract W911NF-04-1-0178. The support and encouragement provided by Ralph A. Anthenien is gratefully acknowledged. S.F.S. and B.C.T. were supported by the Joint Munitions Program (DoD/DOE) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), which was formally operated by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-36. The authors thank the personnel at LANL, specifically Ed Roemer for the SEM micrographs of particles, and Eric Sanders for supplying the aluminum particles.
PY - 2008/8
Y1 - 2008/8
N2 - An experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics of nanoaluminum (nAl), liquid water (H2O(l)), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mixtures has been conducted. Linear and mass-burning rates as functions of pressure, equivalence ratio (Φ), and concentration of H2O2 in H2O(l) oxidizing solution are reported. Steady-state burning rates were obtained at room temperature using a windowed pressure vessel over an initial pressure range of 0.24 to 12.4 MPa in argon, using average nAl particle diameters of 38 nm, Φ from 0.5 to 1.3, and H2O2 concentrations between 0 and 32% by mass. At a nominal pressure of 3.65 MPa, under stoichiometric conditions, mass-burning rates per unit area ranged between 6.93 g/cm2 s (0% H2O2) and 37.04 g/cm2 s (32% H2O2), which corresponded to linear burning rates of 9.58 and 58.2 cm/s, respectively. Burning rate pressure exponents of 0.44 and 0.38 were found for stoichiometric mixtures at room temperature containing 10 and 25% H2O2, respectively, up to 5 MPa. Burning rates are reduced above ∼5 MPa due to the pressurization of interstitial spaces of the packed reactant mixture with argon gas, diluting the fuel and oxidizer mixture. Mass burning rates were not measured above ∼32% H2O2 due to an anomalous burning phenomena, which caused overpressurization within the quartz sample holder, leading to tube rupture. High-speed imaging displayed fingering or jetting ahead of the normal flame front. Localized pressure measurements were taken along the sample length, determining that the combustion process proceeded as a normal deflagration prior to tube rupture, without significant pressure buildup within the tube. In addition to burning rates, chemical efficiencies of the combustion reaction were determined to be within approximately 10% of the theoretical maximum under all conditions studied.
AB - An experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics of nanoaluminum (nAl), liquid water (H2O(l)), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mixtures has been conducted. Linear and mass-burning rates as functions of pressure, equivalence ratio (Φ), and concentration of H2O2 in H2O(l) oxidizing solution are reported. Steady-state burning rates were obtained at room temperature using a windowed pressure vessel over an initial pressure range of 0.24 to 12.4 MPa in argon, using average nAl particle diameters of 38 nm, Φ from 0.5 to 1.3, and H2O2 concentrations between 0 and 32% by mass. At a nominal pressure of 3.65 MPa, under stoichiometric conditions, mass-burning rates per unit area ranged between 6.93 g/cm2 s (0% H2O2) and 37.04 g/cm2 s (32% H2O2), which corresponded to linear burning rates of 9.58 and 58.2 cm/s, respectively. Burning rate pressure exponents of 0.44 and 0.38 were found for stoichiometric mixtures at room temperature containing 10 and 25% H2O2, respectively, up to 5 MPa. Burning rates are reduced above ∼5 MPa due to the pressurization of interstitial spaces of the packed reactant mixture with argon gas, diluting the fuel and oxidizer mixture. Mass burning rates were not measured above ∼32% H2O2 due to an anomalous burning phenomena, which caused overpressurization within the quartz sample holder, leading to tube rupture. High-speed imaging displayed fingering or jetting ahead of the normal flame front. Localized pressure measurements were taken along the sample length, determining that the combustion process proceeded as a normal deflagration prior to tube rupture, without significant pressure buildup within the tube. In addition to burning rates, chemical efficiencies of the combustion reaction were determined to be within approximately 10% of the theoretical maximum under all conditions studied.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.05.015
DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.05.015
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:47849126655
SN - 0010-2180
VL - 154
SP - 587
EP - 600
JO - Combustion and Flame
JF - Combustion and Flame
IS - 3
ER -