Complications associated with anterior cervical surgery

Fortunately, the incidence of major complications associated with anterior cervical spine surgery is low. Surgeons should remain cognizant of the possible intraoperative and postoperative complications, along with methods of prevention and treatment. This review briefly discusses the complications of esophageal, vertebral, and neurological injury, along with spinal fluid leak and hematoma. In general, anterior cervical spine procedures are highly successful with infrequent complications. However, the range of associated morbidity (and mortality) can be broad with each potential complication. Knowledge of potential complications is essential, including associated risk factors, methods of prevention, and treatment. This review briefly discusses intraoperative and immediate postoperative complications.