Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM

Daisuke Yonetoku; Akihiro Doi; Tatehiro Mihara; Hideo Matsuhara; Takanori Sakamoto; Kohji Tsumura; Kunihito Ioka; Makoto Arimoto; Yoshiyuki Ando; Teruaki Enoto; Kenjiro Fujimoto; Hatsune Goto; Junko Hiraga; Nobuyuki Kawai; Ryuji Kondo; Shunsuke Kurosawa; Yoshitomo Maeda; Ikuyuki Mitsuishi; Toshio Murakami; Issin Nagataka; Yujin Nakagawa; Hiroshi Nakajima; Naoki Ogino; Masataka Sato; Tomoya Sato; Tatsuya Sawano; Motoko Serino; Hsien Chieh Shen; Satoshi Sugita; Mutsumi Sugizaki; Shuta Takahashi; Toru Tamagawa; Keisuke Tamura; Takaaki Tanaka; Toru Tanimori; Makoto S. Tashiro; Hiroshi Tomida; Hiroyuki Uchida; Shutaro Ueda; Kazutaka Yamaoka; Makoto Yamauchi; Yoichi Yatsu; Atsumasa Yoshida; Hiroshi Akitaya; Akihiko Fukui; Haruki Fukui; Ryo Hashimoto; Tomoya Hori; Yoshifusa Ita; Rinon Kageyama; Koji Kawabata; Shuji Matsuura; Akihiro Miyasaka; Kentaro Motohara; Norio Narita; Hirofumi Noda; Hirofumi Okita; Kei Sano; Keisuke Shinozaki; Sou Tajima; Yuji Urata; Takehiko Wada; Hayato Yamashita; Kenshi Yanagisawa; Michitoshi Yoshida; Shuichi Gunji; Takumi Togashi; Ryuji Sato; Keito Watanabe; Haruaki Niinuma; Nobutaka Bando; Ichiro Jikuya; Kenji Minesugi; Yasuyuki Miyazaki; Yusuke Kono; Naoki Takase; Shinichi Nakatsubo; Tooru Kaga; Katsuaki Asano; Kohei Inayoshi; Susumu Inoue; Hirotaka Ito; Hideyuki Izumiura; Norita Kawanaka; Tomoya Kinugawa; Shota Kisaka; Kenta Kiuchi; Koutarou Kyutoku; Jin Matsumoto; Akira Mizuta; Kohta Murase; Hiroki Nagakura; Shigehiro Nagataki; Yoshikazu Nakada; Takashi Nakamura; Yuu Niino; Yudai Suwa; Keitaro Takahashi; Takahiro Tanaka; Kenji Toma; Tomonori Totani; Ryo Yamazaki; Jun’ichi Yokoyama; Yuichi Harikane; Masaomi Tanaka; Shigeo S. Kimura; Mariko Kimura; Hiroya Umeda

doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM

Daisuke Yonetoku
, Akihiro Doi
, Tatehiro Mihara
, Hideo Matsuhara
, Takanori Sakamoto
, Kohji Tsumura
, Kunihito Ioka
, Makoto Arimoto
, Yoshiyuki Ando
, Teruaki Enoto
, Kenjiro Fujimoto
, Hatsune Goto
, Junko Hiraga
, Nobuyuki Kawai
, Ryuji Kondo
, Shunsuke Kurosawa
, Yoshitomo Maeda
, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi
, Toshio Murakami
, Issin Nagataka

Yujin Nakagawa, Hiroshi Nakajima, Naoki Ogino, Masataka Sato, Tomoya Sato, Tatsuya Sawano, Motoko Serino, Hsien Chieh Shen, Satoshi Sugita, Mutsumi Sugizaki, Shuta Takahashi, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Toru Tanimori, Makoto S. Tashiro, Hiroshi Tomida, Hiroyuki Uchida, Shutaro Ueda, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Makoto Yamauchi, Yoichi Yatsu, Atsumasa Yoshida, Hiroshi Akitaya, Akihiko Fukui, Haruki Fukui, Ryo Hashimoto, Tomoya Hori, Yoshifusa Ita, Rinon Kageyama, Koji Kawabata, Shuji Matsuura, Akihiro Miyasaka, Kentaro Motohara, Norio Narita, Hirofumi Noda, Hirofumi Okita, Kei Sano, Keisuke Shinozaki, Sou Tajima, Yuji Urata, Takehiko Wada, Hayato Yamashita, Kenshi Yanagisawa, Michitoshi Yoshida, Shuichi Gunji, Takumi Togashi, Ryuji Sato, Keito Watanabe, Haruaki Niinuma, Nobutaka Bando, Ichiro Jikuya, Kenji Minesugi, Yasuyuki Miyazaki, Yusuke Kono, Naoki Takase, Shinichi Nakatsubo, Tooru Kaga, Katsuaki Asano, Kohei Inayoshi, Susumu Inoue, Hirotaka Ito, Hideyuki Izumiura, Norita Kawanaka, Tomoya Kinugawa, Shota Kisaka, Kenta Kiuchi, Koutarou Kyutoku, Jin Matsumoto, Akira Mizuta, Kohta Murase, Hiroki Nagakura, Shigehiro Nagataki, Yoshikazu Nakada, Takashi Nakamura, Yuu Niino, Yudai Suwa, Keitaro Takahashi, Takahiro Tanaka, Kenji Toma, Tomonori Totani, Ryo Yamazaki, Jun’ichi Yokoyama, Yuichi Harikane, Masaomi Tanaka, Shigeo S. Kimura, Mariko Kimura, Hiroya Umeda

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

HiZ-GUNDAM is a candidate for JAXA’s competitive medium-class mission program, with its concept approved by ISAS/JAXA in 2018. This proposed satellite aims to play a leading role in time-domain astronomy in the 2030s by pursuing two primary scientific goals: (1) probing the early universe through the detection of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and (2) enabling the rapid identification of X-ray and optical-near-infrared counterparts of multimessenger sources. To achieve these objectives, HiZ-GUNDAM is equipped with two key instruments. A wide-field X-ray monitor, EAGLE, utilizes a micropore optics array and a focal plane imaging sensor to observe transients across ∼0.5sr in the 0.4 to 4 keV energy range. To follow up on this observation, an optical–near-infrared telescope, MONSTER, features a 30 cm aperture and conducts simultaneous five-band photometry over the 0.5 to 2.5μm wavelength range. It employs a Kösters-type prism for multi-band photometry to follow up on transients detected by the EAGLE. A sun-synchronous dawn–dusk orbit has been selected to ensure thermal stability for the MONSTER. We present a comprehensive overview of the HiZ-GUNDAM mission concept. The mission is expected to make a significant contribution to our understanding of cosmic evolution through observations of high-redshift GRBs, as well as to the identification of the multiwavelength properties of multimessenger sources by enhancing the observational capabilities for transient searches. The specifications and concepts discussed herein are subject to refinement as the mission progresses.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	044002
Journal	Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
Volume	11
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002
State	Published - Oct 1 2025

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Control and Systems Engineering
Instrumentation
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Mechanical Engineering
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

Cite this

Yonetoku, D., Doi, A., Mihara, T., Matsuhara, H., Sakamoto, T., Tsumura, K., Ioka, K., Arimoto, M., Ando, Y., Enoto, T., Fujimoto, K., Goto, H., Hiraga, J., Kawai, N., Kondo, R., Kurosawa, S., Maeda, Y., Mitsuishi, I., Murakami, T., ... Umeda, H. (2025). Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, 11(4), Article 044002. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

@article{f1ccaa676b2a4fc3b78221ebe3a803bc,

title = "Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM",

abstract = "HiZ-GUNDAM is a candidate for JAXA{\textquoteright}s competitive medium-class mission program, with its concept approved by ISAS/JAXA in 2018. This proposed satellite aims to play a leading role in time-domain astronomy in the 2030s by pursuing two primary scientific goals: (1) probing the early universe through the detection of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and (2) enabling the rapid identification of X-ray and optical-near-infrared counterparts of multimessenger sources. To achieve these objectives, HiZ-GUNDAM is equipped with two key instruments. A wide-field X-ray monitor, EAGLE, utilizes a micropore optics array and a focal plane imaging sensor to observe transients across ∼0.5sr in the 0.4 to 4 keV energy range. To follow up on this observation, an optical–near-infrared telescope, MONSTER, features a 30 cm aperture and conducts simultaneous five-band photometry over the 0.5 to 2.5μm wavelength range. It employs a K{\"o}sters-type prism for multi-band photometry to follow up on transients detected by the EAGLE. A sun-synchronous dawn–dusk orbit has been selected to ensure thermal stability for the MONSTER. We present a comprehensive overview of the HiZ-GUNDAM mission concept. The mission is expected to make a significant contribution to our understanding of cosmic evolution through observations of high-redshift GRBs, as well as to the identification of the multiwavelength properties of multimessenger sources by enhancing the observational capabilities for transient searches. The specifications and concepts discussed herein are subject to refinement as the mission progresses.",

author = "Daisuke Yonetoku and Akihiro Doi and Tatehiro Mihara and Hideo Matsuhara and Takanori Sakamoto and Kohji Tsumura and Kunihito Ioka and Makoto Arimoto and Yoshiyuki Ando and Teruaki Enoto and Kenjiro Fujimoto and Hatsune Goto and Junko Hiraga and Nobuyuki Kawai and Ryuji Kondo and Shunsuke Kurosawa and Yoshitomo Maeda and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi and Toshio Murakami and Issin Nagataka and Yujin Nakagawa and Hiroshi Nakajima and Naoki Ogino and Masataka Sato and Tomoya Sato and Tatsuya Sawano and Motoko Serino and Shen, \{Hsien Chieh\} and Satoshi Sugita and Mutsumi Sugizaki and Shuta Takahashi and Toru Tamagawa and Keisuke Tamura and Takaaki Tanaka and Toru Tanimori and Tashiro, \{Makoto S.\} and Hiroshi Tomida and Hiroyuki Uchida and Shutaro Ueda and Kazutaka Yamaoka and Makoto Yamauchi and Yoichi Yatsu and Atsumasa Yoshida and Hiroshi Akitaya and Akihiko Fukui and Haruki Fukui and Ryo Hashimoto and Tomoya Hori and Yoshifusa Ita and Rinon Kageyama and Koji Kawabata and Shuji Matsuura and Akihiro Miyasaka and Kentaro Motohara and Norio Narita and Hirofumi Noda and Hirofumi Okita and Kei Sano and Keisuke Shinozaki and Sou Tajima and Yuji Urata and Takehiko Wada and Hayato Yamashita and Kenshi Yanagisawa and Michitoshi Yoshida and Shuichi Gunji and Takumi Togashi and Ryuji Sato and Keito Watanabe and Haruaki Niinuma and Nobutaka Bando and Ichiro Jikuya and Kenji Minesugi and Yasuyuki Miyazaki and Yusuke Kono and Naoki Takase and Shinichi Nakatsubo and Tooru Kaga and Katsuaki Asano and Kohei Inayoshi and Susumu Inoue and Hirotaka Ito and Hideyuki Izumiura and Norita Kawanaka and Tomoya Kinugawa and Shota Kisaka and Kenta Kiuchi and Koutarou Kyutoku and Jin Matsumoto and Akira Mizuta and Kohta Murase and Hiroki Nagakura and Shigehiro Nagataki and Yoshikazu Nakada and Takashi Nakamura and Yuu Niino and Yudai Suwa and Keitaro Takahashi and Takahiro Tanaka and Kenji Toma and Tomonori Totani and Ryo Yamazaki and Jun{\textquoteright}ichi Yokoyama and Yuichi Harikane and Masaomi Tanaka and Kimura, \{Shigeo S.\} and Mariko Kimura and Hiroya Umeda",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "11",

journal = "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems",

issn = "2329-4124",

publisher = "SPIE",

number = "4",

}

Yonetoku, D, Doi, A, Mihara, T, Matsuhara, H, Sakamoto, T, Tsumura, K, Ioka, K, Arimoto, M, Ando, Y, Enoto, T, Fujimoto, K, Goto, H, Hiraga, J, Kawai, N, Kondo, R, Kurosawa, S, Maeda, Y, Mitsuishi, I, Murakami, T, Nagataka, I, Nakagawa, Y, Nakajima, H, Ogino, N, Sato, M, Sato, T, Sawano, T, Serino, M, Shen, HC, Sugita, S, Sugizaki, M, Takahashi, S, Tamagawa, T, Tamura, K, Tanaka, T, Tanimori, T, Tashiro, MS, Tomida, H, Uchida, H, Ueda, S, Yamaoka, K, Yamauchi, M, Yatsu, Y, Yoshida, A, Akitaya, H, Fukui, A, Fukui, H, Hashimoto, R, Hori, T, Ita, Y, Kageyama, R, Kawabata, K, Matsuura, S, Miyasaka, A, Motohara, K, Narita, N, Noda, H, Okita, H, Sano, K, Shinozaki, K, Tajima, S, Urata, Y, Wada, T, Yamashita, H, Yanagisawa, K, Yoshida, M, Gunji, S, Togashi, T, Sato, R, Watanabe, K, Niinuma, H, Bando, N, Jikuya, I, Minesugi, K, Miyazaki, Y, Kono, Y, Takase, N, Nakatsubo, S, Kaga, T, Asano, K, Inayoshi, K, Inoue, S, Ito, H, Izumiura, H, Kawanaka, N, Kinugawa, T, Kisaka, S, Kiuchi, K, Kyutoku, K, Matsumoto, J, Mizuta, A, Murase, K, Nagakura, H, Nagataki, S, Nakada, Y, Nakamura, T, Niino, Y, Suwa, Y, Takahashi, K, Tanaka, T, Toma, K, Totani, T, Yamazaki, R, Yokoyama, J, Harikane, Y, Tanaka, M, Kimura, SS, Kimura, M & Umeda, H 2025, 'Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM', Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, vol. 11, no. 4, 044002. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

TY - JOUR

T1 - Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM

AU - Yonetoku, Daisuke

AU - Doi, Akihiro

AU - Mihara, Tatehiro

AU - Matsuhara, Hideo

AU - Sakamoto, Takanori

AU - Tsumura, Kohji

AU - Ioka, Kunihito

AU - Arimoto, Makoto

AU - Ando, Yoshiyuki

AU - Enoto, Teruaki

AU - Fujimoto, Kenjiro

AU - Goto, Hatsune

AU - Hiraga, Junko

AU - Kawai, Nobuyuki

AU - Kondo, Ryuji

AU - Kurosawa, Shunsuke

AU - Maeda, Yoshitomo

AU - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki

AU - Murakami, Toshio

AU - Nagataka, Issin

AU - Nakagawa, Yujin

AU - Nakajima, Hiroshi

AU - Ogino, Naoki

AU - Sato, Masataka

AU - Sato, Tomoya

AU - Sawano, Tatsuya

AU - Serino, Motoko

AU - Shen, Hsien Chieh

AU - Sugita, Satoshi

AU - Sugizaki, Mutsumi

AU - Takahashi, Shuta

AU - Tamagawa, Toru

AU - Tamura, Keisuke

AU - Tanaka, Takaaki

AU - Tanimori, Toru

AU - Tashiro, Makoto S.

AU - Tomida, Hiroshi

AU - Uchida, Hiroyuki

AU - Ueda, Shutaro

AU - Yamaoka, Kazutaka

AU - Yamauchi, Makoto

AU - Yatsu, Yoichi

AU - Yoshida, Atsumasa

AU - Akitaya, Hiroshi

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Fukui, Haruki

AU - Hashimoto, Ryo

AU - Hori, Tomoya

AU - Ita, Yoshifusa

AU - Kageyama, Rinon

AU - Kawabata, Koji

AU - Matsuura, Shuji

AU - Miyasaka, Akihiro

AU - Motohara, Kentaro

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Noda, Hirofumi

AU - Okita, Hirofumi

AU - Sano, Kei

AU - Shinozaki, Keisuke

AU - Tajima, Sou

AU - Urata, Yuji

AU - Wada, Takehiko

AU - Yamashita, Hayato

AU - Yanagisawa, Kenshi

AU - Yoshida, Michitoshi

AU - Gunji, Shuichi

AU - Togashi, Takumi

AU - Sato, Ryuji

AU - Watanabe, Keito

AU - Niinuma, Haruaki

AU - Bando, Nobutaka

AU - Jikuya, Ichiro

AU - Minesugi, Kenji

AU - Miyazaki, Yasuyuki

AU - Kono, Yusuke

AU - Takase, Naoki

AU - Nakatsubo, Shinichi

AU - Kaga, Tooru

AU - Asano, Katsuaki

AU - Inayoshi, Kohei

AU - Inoue, Susumu

AU - Ito, Hirotaka

AU - Izumiura, Hideyuki

AU - Kawanaka, Norita

AU - Kinugawa, Tomoya

AU - Kisaka, Shota

AU - Kiuchi, Kenta

AU - Kyutoku, Koutarou

AU - Matsumoto, Jin

AU - Mizuta, Akira

AU - Murase, Kohta

AU - Nagakura, Hiroki

AU - Nagataki, Shigehiro

AU - Nakada, Yoshikazu

AU - Nakamura, Takashi

AU - Niino, Yuu

AU - Suwa, Yudai

AU - Takahashi, Keitaro

AU - Tanaka, Takahiro

AU - Toma, Kenji

AU - Totani, Tomonori

AU - Yamazaki, Ryo

AU - Yokoyama, Jun’ichi

AU - Harikane, Yuichi

AU - Tanaka, Masaomi

AU - Kimura, Shigeo S.

AU - Kimura, Mariko

AU - Umeda, Hiroya

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

PY - 2025/10/1

Y1 - 2025/10/1

N2 - HiZ-GUNDAM is a candidate for JAXA’s competitive medium-class mission program, with its concept approved by ISAS/JAXA in 2018. This proposed satellite aims to play a leading role in time-domain astronomy in the 2030s by pursuing two primary scientific goals: (1) probing the early universe through the detection of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and (2) enabling the rapid identification of X-ray and optical-near-infrared counterparts of multimessenger sources. To achieve these objectives, HiZ-GUNDAM is equipped with two key instruments. A wide-field X-ray monitor, EAGLE, utilizes a micropore optics array and a focal plane imaging sensor to observe transients across ∼0.5sr in the 0.4 to 4 keV energy range. To follow up on this observation, an optical–near-infrared telescope, MONSTER, features a 30 cm aperture and conducts simultaneous five-band photometry over the 0.5 to 2.5μm wavelength range. It employs a Kösters-type prism for multi-band photometry to follow up on transients detected by the EAGLE. A sun-synchronous dawn–dusk orbit has been selected to ensure thermal stability for the MONSTER. We present a comprehensive overview of the HiZ-GUNDAM mission concept. The mission is expected to make a significant contribution to our understanding of cosmic evolution through observations of high-redshift GRBs, as well as to the identification of the multiwavelength properties of multimessenger sources by enhancing the observational capabilities for transient searches. The specifications and concepts discussed herein are subject to refinement as the mission progresses.

AB - HiZ-GUNDAM is a candidate for JAXA’s competitive medium-class mission program, with its concept approved by ISAS/JAXA in 2018. This proposed satellite aims to play a leading role in time-domain astronomy in the 2030s by pursuing two primary scientific goals: (1) probing the early universe through the detection of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and (2) enabling the rapid identification of X-ray and optical-near-infrared counterparts of multimessenger sources. To achieve these objectives, HiZ-GUNDAM is equipped with two key instruments. A wide-field X-ray monitor, EAGLE, utilizes a micropore optics array and a focal plane imaging sensor to observe transients across ∼0.5sr in the 0.4 to 4 keV energy range. To follow up on this observation, an optical–near-infrared telescope, MONSTER, features a 30 cm aperture and conducts simultaneous five-band photometry over the 0.5 to 2.5μm wavelength range. It employs a Kösters-type prism for multi-band photometry to follow up on transients detected by the EAGLE. A sun-synchronous dawn–dusk orbit has been selected to ensure thermal stability for the MONSTER. We present a comprehensive overview of the HiZ-GUNDAM mission concept. The mission is expected to make a significant contribution to our understanding of cosmic evolution through observations of high-redshift GRBs, as well as to the identification of the multiwavelength properties of multimessenger sources by enhancing the observational capabilities for transient searches. The specifications and concepts discussed herein are subject to refinement as the mission progresses.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105026955879

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105026955879#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

DO - 10.1117/1.JATIS.11.4.044002

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105026955879

SN - 2329-4124

VL - 11

JO - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

JF - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

IS - 4

M1 - 044002

ER -

Concept of high-z gamma-ray bursts unraveling the dark ages and extreme space-time mission—HiZ-GUNDAM

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this