Concept of operations for earth-moon departures to Mars-Phobos distant retrograde orbit arrivals

Davide Conte, David B. Spencer

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

Abstract

This paper focuses on the trajectory design for missions destined to explore Mars and/or Phobos departing from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and arriving into a Mars-Phobos Distant Retrograde Orbit (DRO). Lunar DROs are also briefly explored as an alternative departure location. A Mars-Phobos DRO is a relatively stable environment which would make both the surfaces of Mars and Phobos available for a reasonable propellant expenditure. This paper presents the methodology used to compute LEO to Mars-Phobos DRO trajectories and results regarding required C3 at launch, v at arrival, Time-of-Flight (TOF), and total ΔV for various Mars-Phobos DROs using full ephemeris planetary data. The results show that propellant-optimal trajectories from LEO to a specified Mars-Phobos DRO could be used as a staging location between Mars and Phobos. Assuming that refueling is available at the targeted DRO, LEO to Low Mars Orbits (LMO) trajectories would have higher total ΔV due to the additional stop at the Mars-Phobos DRO. However, the aforementioned trajectories would have lower Initial Mass in LEO (IMLEO) and thus a lower gear ratio thanks to the added “pit stop” located at the given DRO. This results in a lower overall spacecraft dry mass that needs to be launched into space from Earth’s surface.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationAAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, 2018
EditorsPuneet Singla, Ryan M. Weisman, Belinda G. Marchand, Brandon A. Jones
PublisherUnivelt Inc.
Pages1315-1334
Number of pages20
ISBN (Print)9780877036579
StatePublished - 2018
EventAAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, 2018 - Snowbird, United States
Duration: Aug 19 2018Aug 23 2018

Publication series

NameAdvances in the Astronautical Sciences
Volume167
ISSN (Print)0065-3438

Conference

ConferenceAAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, 2018
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CitySnowbird
Period8/19/188/23/18

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Space and Planetary Science

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