TY - JOUR
T1 - Contact allergy in children referred for patch testing
T2 - North American contact dermatitis group data, 2001-2004
AU - Zug, Kathryn A.
AU - McGinley-Smith, Daniel
AU - Warshaw, Erin M.
AU - Taylor, James S.
AU - Rietschel, Robert L.
AU - Maibach, Howard I.
AU - Belsito, Donald V.
AU - Fowler, Joseph F.
AU - Storrs, Frances J.
AU - DeLeo, Vincent A.
AU - Marks, James G.
AU - Mathias, C. G.Toby
AU - Pratt, Melanie D.
AU - Sasseville, Denis
PY - 2008/10
Y1 - 2008/10
N2 - Objectives: To determine the frequency of positive and relevant patch tests in children referred for patch testing in North America; to compare results of patch testing children and adults; and to compare our results with international data on contact allergy in children. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional analyses of North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2004. Patch test reactions for allergens that were positive and considered of clinical importance to the patient's eczematous problem were defined as being of current or past relevance. Setting: Clinical patch test data from 13 NACDG members, primarily a referral population. Patients: The pediatric population (hereafter referred to as "children") was defined as patients aged 0 to 18 years (n = 391). Patients 19 years and older constituted the comparison adult group (n = 9670). Main Outcome Measures: The frequency of positive patch test reactions and number of relevant ones. Secondary measures included the association of atopic markers, frequency of irritant reactions, and sources of relevant supplementary allergens. Results: No significant difference in the overall frequency of at least 1 relevant positive patch test reaction was noted in children (51.2%) compared with adults (54.1%). The most frequent positive reactions in children were to nickel (28.3%), cobalt chloride (17.9%), thimerosal (15.3%), neomycin sulfate (8.0%), gold sodium thiosulfate (7.7%), and fragrance mix (5.1%). For children aged 0 to 18 the most frequent relevant positive reactions were to nickel sulfate (26.0%), cobalt (12.4%), neomycin (4.4%), fragrance mix (4.1%), gold (3.6%), and quaternium 15 (3.6%). The frequency of irritant reactions in adults and children was similar. Of the children with a relevant positive reaction, 34.0% had atopic dermatitis included as one of their final diagnoses, compared with 11.2% of adults (P < .001). Fifteen percent and 39% of children had relevant allergens not included in the NACDG series and a commercially available skin patch test (T.R.U.E. TEST [thin-layer rapid use epicutaneous test], panel 1.1 and 2.1; Allerderm, Phoenix, Arizona), respectively. Conclusions: Adults and children in this group are equally likely to have allergic contact dermatitis; frequency of relevant allergen reactions differs.
AB - Objectives: To determine the frequency of positive and relevant patch tests in children referred for patch testing in North America; to compare results of patch testing children and adults; and to compare our results with international data on contact allergy in children. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional analyses of North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2004. Patch test reactions for allergens that were positive and considered of clinical importance to the patient's eczematous problem were defined as being of current or past relevance. Setting: Clinical patch test data from 13 NACDG members, primarily a referral population. Patients: The pediatric population (hereafter referred to as "children") was defined as patients aged 0 to 18 years (n = 391). Patients 19 years and older constituted the comparison adult group (n = 9670). Main Outcome Measures: The frequency of positive patch test reactions and number of relevant ones. Secondary measures included the association of atopic markers, frequency of irritant reactions, and sources of relevant supplementary allergens. Results: No significant difference in the overall frequency of at least 1 relevant positive patch test reaction was noted in children (51.2%) compared with adults (54.1%). The most frequent positive reactions in children were to nickel (28.3%), cobalt chloride (17.9%), thimerosal (15.3%), neomycin sulfate (8.0%), gold sodium thiosulfate (7.7%), and fragrance mix (5.1%). For children aged 0 to 18 the most frequent relevant positive reactions were to nickel sulfate (26.0%), cobalt (12.4%), neomycin (4.4%), fragrance mix (4.1%), gold (3.6%), and quaternium 15 (3.6%). The frequency of irritant reactions in adults and children was similar. Of the children with a relevant positive reaction, 34.0% had atopic dermatitis included as one of their final diagnoses, compared with 11.2% of adults (P < .001). Fifteen percent and 39% of children had relevant allergens not included in the NACDG series and a commercially available skin patch test (T.R.U.E. TEST [thin-layer rapid use epicutaneous test], panel 1.1 and 2.1; Allerderm, Phoenix, Arizona), respectively. Conclusions: Adults and children in this group are equally likely to have allergic contact dermatitis; frequency of relevant allergen reactions differs.
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U2 - 10.1001/archderm.144.10.1329
DO - 10.1001/archderm.144.10.1329
M3 - Article
C2 - 18936397
AN - SCOPUS:54349113325
SN - 0003-987X
VL - 144
SP - 1329
EP - 1336
JO - Archives of Dermatology
JF - Archives of Dermatology
IS - 10
ER -