TY - JOUR
T1 - Delirium superimposed on dementia strongly predicts worse outcomes in older rehabilitation inpatients
AU - Morandi, Alessandro
AU - Davis, Daniel
AU - Fick, Donna M.
AU - Turco, Renato
AU - Boustani, Malaz
AU - Lucchi, Elena
AU - Guerini, Fabio
AU - Morghen, Sara
AU - Torpilliesi, Tiziana
AU - Gentile, Simona
AU - MacLullich, Alasdair M.
AU - Trabucchi, Marco
AU - Bellelli, Giuseppe
N1 - Funding Information:
Daniel Davis is funded by the Wellcome Trust as a research training fellow.
PY - 2014/5
Y1 - 2014/5
N2 - Objective: Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is common in many settings. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between DSD and clinical outcomes. The study aim was to evaluate the association between DSD and related adverse outcomes at discharge from rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up in older inpatients undergoing rehabilitation. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Hospital rehabilitation unit. Participants: A total of 2642 patients aged 65 years or older admitted between January 2002 and December 2006. Measurements: Dementia predating rehabilitation admission was detected by DSM-III-R criteria. Delirium was diagnosed with the DSM-IV-TR. The primary outcome was that of walking dependence (Barthel Index mobility subitem score of <15) captured as a trajectory from discharge to 1-year follow-up. A mixed-effects multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between DSD and outcome, after adjusting for relevant covariates. Secondary outcomes were institutionalization and mortality at 1-year follow-up, and logistic regression models were used to analyze these associations. Results: The median age was 77 years (interquartile range: 71-83). The prevalence of DSD was 8%, and the prevalence of delirium and dementia alone were 4% and 22%, respectively. DSD at admission was found to be significantly associated with almost a 15-fold increase in the odds of walking dependence (odds ratio [OR] 15.5; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.6-42.7; P < .01). DSD was also significantly associated with a fivefold increase in the risk of institutionalization (OR 5.0; 95% CI 2.8-8.9; P < .01) and an almost twofold increase in the risk of mortality (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-2.8; P = .01). Conclusions: DSD is a strong predictor of functional dependence, institutionalization, and mortality in older patients admitted to a rehabilitation setting, suggesting that strategies to detect DSD routinely in practice should be developed and DSD should be included in prognostic models of health care.
AB - Objective: Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is common in many settings. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between DSD and clinical outcomes. The study aim was to evaluate the association between DSD and related adverse outcomes at discharge from rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up in older inpatients undergoing rehabilitation. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Hospital rehabilitation unit. Participants: A total of 2642 patients aged 65 years or older admitted between January 2002 and December 2006. Measurements: Dementia predating rehabilitation admission was detected by DSM-III-R criteria. Delirium was diagnosed with the DSM-IV-TR. The primary outcome was that of walking dependence (Barthel Index mobility subitem score of <15) captured as a trajectory from discharge to 1-year follow-up. A mixed-effects multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between DSD and outcome, after adjusting for relevant covariates. Secondary outcomes were institutionalization and mortality at 1-year follow-up, and logistic regression models were used to analyze these associations. Results: The median age was 77 years (interquartile range: 71-83). The prevalence of DSD was 8%, and the prevalence of delirium and dementia alone were 4% and 22%, respectively. DSD at admission was found to be significantly associated with almost a 15-fold increase in the odds of walking dependence (odds ratio [OR] 15.5; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.6-42.7; P < .01). DSD was also significantly associated with a fivefold increase in the risk of institutionalization (OR 5.0; 95% CI 2.8-8.9; P < .01) and an almost twofold increase in the risk of mortality (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-2.8; P = .01). Conclusions: DSD is a strong predictor of functional dependence, institutionalization, and mortality in older patients admitted to a rehabilitation setting, suggesting that strategies to detect DSD routinely in practice should be developed and DSD should be included in prognostic models of health care.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.084
DO - 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.084
M3 - Article
C2 - 24566447
AN - SCOPUS:84899641610
SN - 1525-8610
VL - 15
SP - 349
EP - 354
JO - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
JF - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
IS - 5
ER -