Densonucleosis viruses (‘densoviruses’) for mosquito and pathogen control

Mosquito specific viruses such as densonucleosis viruses (‘densoviruses’) have long been suggested as alternative mosquito control agents in the face of increasing insecticide resistance. Densoviruses are very species-specific and have been found to infect many important mosquito species. While some strains are highly pathogenic, other strains are more benign. Densoviruses have been proposed as a way to reduce mosquito populations through pathogenic interactions, but genetic strategies such as viral paratrangenesis offer new approaches. As small single-stranded DNA viruses, densoviruses can be easily genetically modified for the expression of genes or non-coding RNAs. A growing literature and variety of techniques have shown the potential for the use of densoviruses in the control of mosquitoes or mosquito-borne pathogens as well as the usefulness of densoviruses as molecular tools for understanding mosquito biology.