Determinants of decline in resting metabolic rate in aging females

We considered the association of several metabolic and lifestyle variables as modulators of the decline in resting metabolic rate (RMR) and fat-free weight (FFW) in 183 healthy females (18-81 yr); RMR showed a curvilinear decline with age, which was significant in women aged 51-81 yr but not in women aged 18-50 yr. FFW showed a curvilinear decline with age, which was significant (P < 0.01) in women 48-81 yr but not in women 18-47 yr. The decline in RMR was primarily associated with the loss of FFW (r² = 72%), whereas the decline in FFW was explained primarily by differences in maximal O₂ consumption (V̇O(2 max)), age, leisure time physical activity, and dietary protein intake (total r² = 46%). We conclude that RMR and FFW showed a curvilinear decline with age which was accelerated beyond the middle-age years. Second, the age-related decline in RMR was primarily associated with the loss of FFW. Third, the loss of FFW was partially related to a decrement in V̇(2 max) and nutritional factors. Therapeutic interventions designed to increase V̇O(2 max) by elevating physical activity may preserve fat-free weight and thus offset the decline of RMR in aging women.