Abstract
The effects of morphine (M) on the gastrointestinal transit (charcoal meal test) and pain response were compared in 2 rat models that had been rendered tolerant to M. Tolerance was induced via the oral route in one group and subcutaneous administration (systemic route) in the other group. M and its metabolite concentrations were also analyzed in plasma and brain tissue of tolerant animals. Despite a similar degree of tolerance to the analgesic effects of M and dependence development (withdrawal syndrome) in both groups, a significant degree of M-induced gastrointestinal inhibition was seen in the oral group after 5 days of oral M treatment but not after prolonged systemic M administration. The tolerance development to the intestinal inhibitory effect of systemic M was furthermore reflected by an increase in the ED50 value for acute administered M in rats treated with M systemically for 5 days (1.64 and 19.7 mg/kg respectively). Significantly less tolerance development to the inhibitory effect of M on intestinal transit was noted in rats drinking M solution for the same period of time. Tolerance ratio for acute gastrointestinal inhibitory effect of M was 12.01 and 1.49 (systemic vs oral M administration respectively). The plasma concentration of an active M metabolite - morphine-6-glucuronide was significantly higher after prolonged oral morphine treatment - no significant differences between two models of tolerance development were noted in brain tissue for M and its metabolites. The observed differences in the drug metabolic profiles of the 2 groups might explain the long-lasting effects of prolonged oral M administration on the gastrointestinal transit.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 167-176 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Research Communications in Substances of Abuse |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 2 |
State | Published - 1992 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine (miscellaneous)