Differentiation of self, personal adjustment, problem solving, and ethnic group belonging among persons of color

This study focused on examining the cross-cultural validity of Bowen family systems theory (M. Bowen, 1978), namely differentiation of self for individuals of color. Ethnic minority men and women completed measures of differentiation of self, ethnic group belonging, and 3 indices of personal adjustment. Initial support for the cross-cultural utility of Bowen family systems theory was observed. Higher levels of differentiation of self predicted better psychological adjustment, social problem-solving skills, and greater ethnic group belonging among persons of color. Limitations regarding the cross-cultural utility of differentiation of self, directions for further research, and implications for counseling are discussed.