TY - JOUR
T1 - Direct and Indirect Experiential Effects in an Updating Model of Deterrence
T2 - A Research Note
AU - Wilson, Theodore
AU - Paternoster, Ray
AU - Loughran, Thomas
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Objectives: Sanction risk perceptions are a central element of deterrence theory, but the process by which an offender’s direct and indirect criminal experiences contribute to future risk perceptions has been understudied. This note seeks to address this domain through an extension of updating model of Anwar and Loughran to account for two distinct information signals obtained by an offender through (1) their personal criminal experiences and (2) the criminal experiences of their family members. Further, this model is extended to assess for any differential updating according to the presence of low impulse control. Methods: Data for this analysis were obtained from the Pathways to Desistance study. Random effects models were employed to model the updating process directly. Results: Having criminal family members who did not get arrested during the current period had the most criminogenic effect upon one’s personal perception of sanction risk, but simply having family members commit crime, regardless of sanction status, appears to be criminogenic. Those with low impulse control place greater weight upon their personal information than vicarious information obtained from their family members. Conclusions: These findings offer some insight into a mechanism that may underlay the delinquent peer effect and warrants future inquiry.
AB - Objectives: Sanction risk perceptions are a central element of deterrence theory, but the process by which an offender’s direct and indirect criminal experiences contribute to future risk perceptions has been understudied. This note seeks to address this domain through an extension of updating model of Anwar and Loughran to account for two distinct information signals obtained by an offender through (1) their personal criminal experiences and (2) the criminal experiences of their family members. Further, this model is extended to assess for any differential updating according to the presence of low impulse control. Methods: Data for this analysis were obtained from the Pathways to Desistance study. Random effects models were employed to model the updating process directly. Results: Having criminal family members who did not get arrested during the current period had the most criminogenic effect upon one’s personal perception of sanction risk, but simply having family members commit crime, regardless of sanction status, appears to be criminogenic. Those with low impulse control place greater weight upon their personal information than vicarious information obtained from their family members. Conclusions: These findings offer some insight into a mechanism that may underlay the delinquent peer effect and warrants future inquiry.
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U2 - 10.1177/0022427816664119
DO - 10.1177/0022427816664119
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85009060703
SN - 0022-4278
VL - 54
SP - 63
EP - 77
JO - Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
JF - Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
IS - 1
ER -