Disseminated zygomycosis with renal involvement simulating malignancy in a diabetic patient

Zygomycosis or mucormycosis refers to a group of uncommon but frequently fatal mycoses caused by fungi of the class Zygomycetes. The disease is usually an opportunistic infection in patients with diabetes, immunosuppression, trauma, burn wounds and other chronic debilitating diseases. Isolated renal involvement is rare although involvement of kidneys in disseminated mucormycosis is not uncommon. Clinical awareness and thorough appropriate investigations are required for an early diagnosis and successful treatment. We herein report a case of disseminated zygomycosis presenting as renal mass with pulmonary lesions, which was initially suspected to be disseminated renal cell carcinoma before a tissue diagnosis was obtained.