Distributed feedback control for production, inventory, and co₂ emissions in an assemble-to-order system

We study continuous variable feedback control of an assemble-to-order system with multiple components and multiple workstations to analyse interrelationships among the production system and corresponding CO₂ emissions. The proposed dynamic models are designed by proportional and integral control laws, and represent assembly job arrivals along with the component consumption rates at each workstation for controlling finished-goods assembly schedule, and component production rate for controlling component stock levels, respectively. We also develop the unified feedback control algorithm whose objective is to minimize due date deviation from the customer-requested final assembly due date and component inventory discrepancy in respect to the optimum inventory level, simultaneously. Using numerical simulations, we show how dynamics between the inventory and production systems are interrelated, and resulting CO₂ emission variation by the production system.