Diversity of nitrifying bacteria in full-scale chloraminated distribution systems

John M. Regan; Gregory W. Harrington; Hélène Baribeau; Ricardo De Leon; Daniel R. Noguera

doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00237-3

Diversity of nitrifying bacteria in full-scale chloraminated distribution systems

John M. Regan, Gregory W. Harrington, Hélène Baribeau, Ricardo De Leon, Daniel R. Noguera

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129 Scopus citations

Abstract

Chloramination for secondary disinfection of drinking water often promotes the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the distribution system due to the ammonia introduced by chloramine formation and decay. This study involved the application of molecular biology techniques to explore the types of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) present in several full-scale chloraminated systems. The results of AOB community characterization indicated the ubiquitous detection of representatives from the Nitrosomonas genus, with Nitrosospira constituting a negligible or small fraction of the AOB community in all but one sample. Cloning and sequencing demonstrated the presence of AOB representatives within the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster, a phylogenetic subgroup of AOB from which isolates demonstrate a high affinity for ammonia. For the NOB communities, Nitrospira were detected in most of the samples, while Nitrobacter were only detected in a few samples. These results provide insight into the types of AOB responsible for nitrification episodes in full-scale chloraminated systems, which should help direct future studies aimed at characterizing relevant AOB growth and inactivation properties. Furthermore, the detection of NOB in most of the samples suggests a need to evaluate the contribution of biological nitrite oxidation relative to chemical oxidation in these systems.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	197-205
Number of pages	9
Journal	Water Research
Volume	37
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00237-3
State	Published - Jan 2003

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Water Science and Technology
Ecological Modeling
Pollution
Waste Management and Disposal
Environmental Engineering
Civil and Structural Engineering

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10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00237-3

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title = "Diversity of nitrifying bacteria in full-scale chloraminated distribution systems",

abstract = "Chloramination for secondary disinfection of drinking water often promotes the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the distribution system due to the ammonia introduced by chloramine formation and decay. This study involved the application of molecular biology techniques to explore the types of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) present in several full-scale chloraminated systems. The results of AOB community characterization indicated the ubiquitous detection of representatives from the Nitrosomonas genus, with Nitrosospira constituting a negligible or small fraction of the AOB community in all but one sample. Cloning and sequencing demonstrated the presence of AOB representatives within the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster, a phylogenetic subgroup of AOB from which isolates demonstrate a high affinity for ammonia. For the NOB communities, Nitrospira were detected in most of the samples, while Nitrobacter were only detected in a few samples. These results provide insight into the types of AOB responsible for nitrification episodes in full-scale chloraminated systems, which should help direct future studies aimed at characterizing relevant AOB growth and inactivation properties. Furthermore, the detection of NOB in most of the samples suggests a need to evaluate the contribution of biological nitrite oxidation relative to chemical oxidation in these systems.",

author = "Regan, {John M.} and Harrington, {Gregory W.} and H{\'e}l{\`e}ne Baribeau and Leon, {Ricardo De} and Noguera, {Daniel R.}",

note = "Funding Information: Support for this research was provided by NSF (BES-9875642 and BES-0112128), NIH (NIH 5 t32 GM08349), and the University of Wisconsin–Madison Graduate School. Funding for the part of the work conducted at MWD was provided by the National Water Research Institute (NWRI). The authors also acknowledge the assistance of Rengao Song and the LWC, Utility A, and WWW for providing samples and monitoring data. NWRI is joint owner of certain technical information upon which this manuscript is based. The comments and views detailed herein may not necessarily reflect the views of NSF, NIH or NWRI. During this study, John M. Regan was a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and H{\'e}l{\`e}ne Baribeau was at the Water Quality Laboratory of the MWD. ",

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doi = "10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00237-3",

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N1 - Funding Information: Support for this research was provided by NSF (BES-9875642 and BES-0112128), NIH (NIH 5 t32 GM08349), and the University of Wisconsin–Madison Graduate School. Funding for the part of the work conducted at MWD was provided by the National Water Research Institute (NWRI). The authors also acknowledge the assistance of Rengao Song and the LWC, Utility A, and WWW for providing samples and monitoring data. NWRI is joint owner of certain technical information upon which this manuscript is based. The comments and views detailed herein may not necessarily reflect the views of NSF, NIH or NWRI. During this study, John M. Regan was a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Hélène Baribeau was at the Water Quality Laboratory of the MWD.

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N2 - Chloramination for secondary disinfection of drinking water often promotes the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the distribution system due to the ammonia introduced by chloramine formation and decay. This study involved the application of molecular biology techniques to explore the types of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) present in several full-scale chloraminated systems. The results of AOB community characterization indicated the ubiquitous detection of representatives from the Nitrosomonas genus, with Nitrosospira constituting a negligible or small fraction of the AOB community in all but one sample. Cloning and sequencing demonstrated the presence of AOB representatives within the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster, a phylogenetic subgroup of AOB from which isolates demonstrate a high affinity for ammonia. For the NOB communities, Nitrospira were detected in most of the samples, while Nitrobacter were only detected in a few samples. These results provide insight into the types of AOB responsible for nitrification episodes in full-scale chloraminated systems, which should help direct future studies aimed at characterizing relevant AOB growth and inactivation properties. Furthermore, the detection of NOB in most of the samples suggests a need to evaluate the contribution of biological nitrite oxidation relative to chemical oxidation in these systems.

AB - Chloramination for secondary disinfection of drinking water often promotes the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the distribution system due to the ammonia introduced by chloramine formation and decay. This study involved the application of molecular biology techniques to explore the types of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) present in several full-scale chloraminated systems. The results of AOB community characterization indicated the ubiquitous detection of representatives from the Nitrosomonas genus, with Nitrosospira constituting a negligible or small fraction of the AOB community in all but one sample. Cloning and sequencing demonstrated the presence of AOB representatives within the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster, a phylogenetic subgroup of AOB from which isolates demonstrate a high affinity for ammonia. For the NOB communities, Nitrospira were detected in most of the samples, while Nitrobacter were only detected in a few samples. These results provide insight into the types of AOB responsible for nitrification episodes in full-scale chloraminated systems, which should help direct future studies aimed at characterizing relevant AOB growth and inactivation properties. Furthermore, the detection of NOB in most of the samples suggests a need to evaluate the contribution of biological nitrite oxidation relative to chemical oxidation in these systems.

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Diversity of nitrifying bacteria in full-scale chloraminated distribution systems

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