Driving additive manufacturing towards circular economy: State-of-the-art and future research directions

Circular economy (CE) is critical to future manufacturing, as it will foster regenerative systems and pave the way for sustainable practices in advanced manufacturing, especially additive manufacturing (AM). Currently, the widespread implementation of CE in the field of AM has been hindered mostly by limitations in materials and technologies. More research efforts need to be dedicated to understanding and evaluating AM's role in facilitating closed-loop resource flow in industrial ecosystems. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of recently published research studies on this topic, ranging from AM recyclable material design and development to AM-assisted repair and remanufacturing. Additionally, current knowledge gaps are identified, and some future research directions are discussed. This review article is expected to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and industry professionals who seek to leverage AM technologies in a sustainable manner.