Durability of membrane electrode assemblies under polymer electrolyte fuel cell cold-start cycling

Physics & Astronomy

• fuel cells 100%
• durability 93%
• assemblies 89%
• electrolytes 71%
• membranes 63%
• cycles 57%
• electrodes 53%
• polymers 50%
• catalysts 44%
• degradation 36%
• cathodes 23%
• densification 19%
• ice 18%
• fixtures 12%
• cells 10%
• dissolving 8%
• acids 8%
• melting 7%
• porosity 6%
• current density 6%
• diffraction 5%
• gases 4%
• x rays 4%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Electrolytes 84%
• Fuel cells 77%
• Membranes 72%
• Durability 69%
• Electrodes 66%
• Polymers 63%
• Catalysts 40%
• Degradation 33%
• Cathodes 28%
• Densification 21%
• Ice 19%
• Delamination 18%
• Ionomers 13%
• Coarsening 11%
• Dissolution 10%
• Transmission electron microscopy 9%
• X ray diffraction 9%
• Current density 9%
• Melting 9%
• Acids 8%
• Volume fraction 8%
• Gases 5%
• Hot Temperature 4%

Chemical Compounds

• Behavior as Electrode 43%
• Delamination 25%
• Densification 23%
• Cathode 23%
• Catalyst 22%
• Ionomer 12%
• Melting 9%
• Dissolution 8%
• Current Density 7%
• Transmission Electron Microscopy 7%
• Pore 7%
• Resistance 6%
• Volume 6%
• Gas 5%
• Purity 5%
• X-Ray Diffraction 5%
• Acid 3%