Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain

E. Rosenberg; T. I. Andersen; R. Samajdar; A. Petukhov; J. C. Hoke; D. Abanin; A. Bengtsson; I. K. Drozdov; C. Erickson; P. V. Klimov; X. Mi; A. Morvan; M. Neeley; C. Neill; R. Acharya; R. Allen; K. Anderson; M. Ansmann; F. Arute; K. Arya; A. Asfaw; J. Atalaya; J. C. Bardin; A. Bilmes; G. Bortoli; A. Bourassa; J. Bovaird; L. Brill; M. Broughton; B. B. Buckley; D. A. Buell; T. Burger; B. Burkett; N. Bushnell; J. Campero; H. S. Chang; Z. Chen; B. Chiaro; D. Chik; J. Cogan; R. Collins; P. Conner; W. Courtney; A. L. Crook; B. Curtin; D. M. Debroy; A. Del Toro Barba; S. Demura; A. Di Paolo; A. Dunsworth; C. Earle; L. Faoro; E. Farhi; R. Fatemi; V. S. Ferreira; L. Flores Burgos; E. Forati; A. G. Fowler; B. Foxen; G. Garcia; Genois; W. Giang; C. Gidney; D. Gilboa; M. Giustina; R. Gosula; A. Grajales Dau; J. A. Gross; S. Habegger; M. C. Hamilton; M. Hansen; M. P. Harrigan; S. D. Harrington; P. Heu; G. Hill; M. R. Hoffmann; S. Hong; T. Huang; A. Huff; W. J. Huggins; L. B. Ioffe; S. V. Isakov; J. Iveland; E. Jeffrey; Z. Jiang; C. Jones; P. Juhas; D. Kafri; T. Khattar; M. Khezri; M. Kieferová; S. Kim; A. Kitaev; A. R. Klots; A. N. Korotkov; F. Kostritsa; J. M. Kreikebaum; D. Landhuis; P. Laptev; K. M. Lau; L. Laws; J. Lee; K. W. Lee; Y. D. Lensky; B. J. Lester; A. T. Lill; W. Liu; A. Locharla; S. Mandrà; O. Martin; S. Martin; J. R. McClean; M. McEwen; S. Meeks; K. C. Miao; A. Mieszala; S. Montazeri; R. Movassagh; W. Mruczkiewicz; A. Nersisyan; M. Newman; J. H. Ng; A. Nguyen; M. Nguyen; M. Y. Niu; T. E. O’Brien; S. Omonije; A. Opremcak; R. Potter; L. P. Pryadko; C. Quintana; D. M. Rhodes; C. Rocque; N. C. Rubin; N. Saei; D. Sank; K. Sankaragomathi; K. J. Satzinger; H. F. Schurkus; C. Schuster; M. J. Shearn; A. Shorter; N. Shutty; V. Shvarts; V. Sivak; J. Skruzny; W. Clarke Smith; R. D. Somma; G. Sterling; D. Strain; M. Szalay; D. Thor; A. Torres; G. Vidal; B. Villalonga; C. Vollgraff Heidweiller; T. White; B. W.K. Woo; C. Xing; Z. Jamie Yao; P. Yeh; J. Yoo; G. Young; A. Zalcman; Y. Zhang; N. Zhu; N. Zobrist; H. Neven; R. Babbush; D. Bacon; S. Boixo; J. Hilton; E. Lucero; A. Megrant; J. Kelly; Y. Chen; V. Smelyanskiy; V. Khemani; S. Gopalakrishnan; T. Prosen; P. Roushan

doi:10.1126/science.adi7877

Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain

E. Rosenberg
, T. I. Andersen
, R. Samajdar
, A. Petukhov
, J. C. Hoke
, D. Abanin
, A. Bengtsson
, I. K. Drozdov
, C. Erickson
, P. V. Klimov
, X. Mi
, A. Morvan
, M. Neeley
, C. Neill
, R. Acharya
, R. Allen
, K. Anderson
, M. Ansmann
, F. Arute
, K. Arya

A. Asfaw, J. Atalaya, J. C. Bardin, A. Bilmes, G. Bortoli, A. Bourassa, J. Bovaird, L. Brill, M. Broughton, B. B. Buckley, D. A. Buell, T. Burger, B. Burkett, N. Bushnell, J. Campero, H. S. Chang, Z. Chen, B. Chiaro, D. Chik, J. Cogan, R. Collins, P. Conner, W. Courtney, A. L. Crook, B. Curtin, D. M. Debroy, A. Del Toro Barba, S. Demura, A. Di Paolo, A. Dunsworth, C. Earle, L. Faoro, E. Farhi, R. Fatemi, V. S. Ferreira, L. Flores Burgos, E. Forati, A. G. Fowler, B. Foxen, G. Garcia, Genois, W. Giang, C. Gidney, D. Gilboa, M. Giustina, R. Gosula, A. Grajales Dau, J. A. Gross, S. Habegger, M. C. Hamilton, M. Hansen, M. P. Harrigan, S. D. Harrington, P. Heu, G. Hill, M. R. Hoffmann, S. Hong, T. Huang, A. Huff, W. J. Huggins, L. B. Ioffe, S. V. Isakov, J. Iveland, E. Jeffrey, Z. Jiang, C. Jones, P. Juhas, D. Kafri, T. Khattar, M. Khezri, M. Kieferová, S. Kim, A. Kitaev, A. R. Klots, A. N. Korotkov, F. Kostritsa, J. M. Kreikebaum, D. Landhuis, P. Laptev, K. M. Lau, L. Laws, J. Lee, K. W. Lee, Y. D. Lensky, B. J. Lester, A. T. Lill, W. Liu, A. Locharla, S. Mandrà, O. Martin, S. Martin, J. R. McClean, M. McEwen, S. Meeks, K. C. Miao, A. Mieszala, S. Montazeri, R. Movassagh, W. Mruczkiewicz, A. Nersisyan, M. Newman, J. H. Ng, A. Nguyen, M. Nguyen, M. Y. Niu, T. E. O’Brien, S. Omonije, A. Opremcak, R. Potter, L. P. Pryadko, C. Quintana, D. M. Rhodes, C. Rocque, N. C. Rubin, N. Saei, D. Sank, K. Sankaragomathi, K. J. Satzinger, H. F. Schurkus, C. Schuster, M. J. Shearn, A. Shorter, N. Shutty, V. Shvarts, V. Sivak, J. Skruzny, W. Clarke Smith, R. D. Somma, G. Sterling, D. Strain, M. Szalay, D. Thor, A. Torres, G. Vidal, B. Villalonga, C. Vollgraff Heidweiller, T. White, B. W.K. Woo, C. Xing, Z. Jamie Yao, P. Yeh, J. Yoo, G. Young, A. Zalcman, Y. Zhang, N. Zhu, N. Zobrist, H. Neven, R. Babbush, D. Bacon, S. Boixo, J. Hilton, E. Lucero, A. Megrant, J. Kelly, Y. Chen, V. Smelyanskiy, V. Khemani, S. Gopalakrishnan, T. Prosen, P. Roushan

Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

68 Scopus citations

Abstract

Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain’s center, PðMÞ. The first two moments of PðMÞ show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	48-53
Number of pages	6
Journal	Science
Volume	384
Issue number	6691
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adi7877
State	Published - Apr 5 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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10.1126/science.adi7877

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Rosenberg, E., Andersen, T. I., Samajdar, R., Petukhov, A., Hoke, J. C., Abanin, D., Bengtsson, A., Drozdov, I. K., Erickson, C., Klimov, P. V., Mi, X., Morvan, A., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Acharya, R., Allen, R., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., ... Roushan, P. (2024). Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain. Science, 384(6691), 48-53. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adi7877

@article{1341eec88b154a239dbb6b2044c52f07,

title = "Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain",

abstract = "Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain{\textquoteright}s center, P{\dh}M{\TH}. The first two moments of P{\dh}M{\TH} show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.",

author = "E. Rosenberg and Andersen, \{T. I.\} and R. Samajdar and A. Petukhov and Hoke, \{J. C.\} and D. Abanin and A. Bengtsson and Drozdov, \{I. K.\} and C. Erickson and Klimov, \{P. V.\} and X. Mi and A. Morvan and M. Neeley and C. Neill and R. Acharya and R. Allen and K. Anderson and M. Ansmann and F. Arute and K. Arya and A. Asfaw and J. Atalaya and Bardin, \{J. C.\} and A. Bilmes and G. Bortoli and A. Bourassa and J. Bovaird and L. Brill and M. Broughton and Buckley, \{B. B.\} and Buell, \{D. A.\} and T. Burger and B. Burkett and N. Bushnell and J. Campero and Chang, \{H. S.\} and Z. Chen and B. Chiaro and D. Chik and J. Cogan and R. Collins and P. Conner and W. Courtney and Crook, \{A. L.\} and B. Curtin and Debroy, \{D. M.\} and \{Del Toro Barba\}, A. and S. Demura and \{Di Paolo\}, A. and A. Dunsworth and C. Earle and L. Faoro and E. Farhi and R. Fatemi and Ferreira, \{V. S.\} and Burgos, \{L. Flores\} and E. Forati and Fowler, \{A. G.\} and B. Foxen and G. Garcia and Genois and W. Giang and C. Gidney and D. Gilboa and M. Giustina and R. Gosula and Dau, \{A. Grajales\} and Gross, \{J. A.\} and S. Habegger and Hamilton, \{M. C.\} and M. Hansen and Harrigan, \{M. P.\} and Harrington, \{S. D.\} and P. Heu and G. Hill and Hoffmann, \{M. R.\} and S. Hong and T. Huang and A. Huff and Huggins, \{W. J.\} and Ioffe, \{L. B.\} and Isakov, \{S. V.\} and J. Iveland and E. Jeffrey and Z. Jiang and C. Jones and P. Juhas and D. Kafri and T. Khattar and M. Khezri and M. Kieferov{\'a} and S. Kim and A. Kitaev and Klots, \{A. R.\} and Korotkov, \{A. N.\} and F. Kostritsa and Kreikebaum, \{J. M.\} and D. Landhuis and P. Laptev and Lau, \{K. M.\} and L. Laws and J. Lee and Lee, \{K. W.\} and Lensky, \{Y. D.\} and Lester, \{B. J.\} and Lill, \{A. T.\} and W. Liu and A. Locharla and S. Mandr{\`a} and O. Martin and S. Martin and McClean, \{J. R.\} and M. McEwen and S. Meeks and Miao, \{K. C.\} and A. Mieszala and S. Montazeri and R. Movassagh and W. Mruczkiewicz and A. Nersisyan and M. Newman and Ng, \{J. H.\} and A. Nguyen and M. Nguyen and Niu, \{M. Y.\} and O{\textquoteright}Brien, \{T. E.\} and S. Omonije and A. Opremcak and R. Potter and Pryadko, \{L. P.\} and C. Quintana and Rhodes, \{D. M.\} and C. Rocque and Rubin, \{N. C.\} and N. Saei and D. Sank and K. Sankaragomathi and Satzinger, \{K. J.\} and Schurkus, \{H. F.\} and C. Schuster and Shearn, \{M. J.\} and A. Shorter and N. Shutty and V. Shvarts and V. Sivak and J. Skruzny and Smith, \{W. Clarke\} and Somma, \{R. D.\} and G. Sterling and D. Strain and M. Szalay and D. Thor and A. Torres and G. Vidal and B. Villalonga and Heidweiller, \{C. Vollgraff\} and T. White and Woo, \{B. W.K.\} and C. Xing and Yao, \{Z. Jamie\} and P. Yeh and J. Yoo and G. Young and A. Zalcman and Y. Zhang and N. Zhu and N. Zobrist and H. Neven and R. Babbush and D. Bacon and S. Boixo and J. Hilton and E. Lucero and A. Megrant and J. Kelly and Y. Chen and V. Smelyanskiy and V. Khemani and S. Gopalakrishnan and T. Prosen and P. Roushan",

year = "2024",

month = apr,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1126/science.adi7877",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "384",

pages = "48--53",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6691",

}

Rosenberg, E, Andersen, TI, Samajdar, R, Petukhov, A, Hoke, JC, Abanin, D, Bengtsson, A, Drozdov, IK, Erickson, C, Klimov, PV, Mi, X, Morvan, A, Neeley, M, Neill, C, Acharya, R, Allen, R, Anderson, K, Ansmann, M, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Bilmes, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, BB, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Campero, J, Chang, HS, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Chik, D, Cogan, J, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Del Toro Barba, A, Demura, S, Di Paolo, A, Dunsworth, A, Earle, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Ferreira, VS, Burgos, LF, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Garcia, G, Genois, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Gosula, R, Dau, AG, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Hansen, M, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Heu, P, Hill, G, Hoffmann, MR, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Huggins, WJ, Ioffe, LB, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Kitaev, A, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, KM, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, KW, Lensky, YD, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Locharla, A, Mandrà, S, Martin, O, Martin, S, McClean, JR, McEwen, M, Meeks, S, Miao, KC, Mieszala, A, Montazeri, S, Movassagh, R, Mruczkiewicz, W, Nersisyan, A, Newman, M, Ng, JH, Nguyen, A, Nguyen, M, Niu, MY, O’Brien, TE, Omonije, S, Opremcak, A, Potter, R, Pryadko, LP, Quintana, C, Rhodes, DM, Rocque, C, Rubin, NC, Saei, N, Sank, D, Sankaragomathi, K, Satzinger, KJ, Schurkus, HF, Schuster, C, Shearn, MJ, Shorter, A, Shutty, N, Shvarts, V, Sivak, V, Skruzny, J, Smith, WC, Somma, RD, Sterling, G, Strain, D, Szalay, M, Thor, D, Torres, A, Vidal, G, Villalonga, B, Heidweiller, CV, White, T, Woo, BWK, Xing, C, Yao, ZJ, Yeh, P, Yoo, J, Young, G, Zalcman, A, Zhang, Y, Zhu, N, Zobrist, N, Neven, H, Babbush, R, Bacon, D, Boixo, S, Hilton, J, Lucero, E, Megrant, A, Kelly, J, Chen, Y, Smelyanskiy, V, Khemani, V, Gopalakrishnan, S, Prosen, T & Roushan, P 2024, 'Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain', Science, vol. 384, no. 6691, pp. 48-53. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adi7877

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain

AU - Rosenberg, E.

AU - Andersen, T. I.

AU - Samajdar, R.

AU - Petukhov, A.

AU - Hoke, J. C.

AU - Abanin, D.

AU - Bengtsson, A.

AU - Drozdov, I. K.

AU - Erickson, C.

AU - Klimov, P. V.

AU - Mi, X.

AU - Morvan, A.

AU - Neeley, M.

AU - Neill, C.

AU - Acharya, R.

AU - Allen, R.

AU - Anderson, K.

AU - Ansmann, M.

AU - Arute, F.

AU - Arya, K.

AU - Asfaw, A.

AU - Atalaya, J.

AU - Bardin, J. C.

AU - Bilmes, A.

AU - Bortoli, G.

AU - Bourassa, A.

AU - Bovaird, J.

AU - Brill, L.

AU - Broughton, M.

AU - Buckley, B. B.

AU - Buell, D. A.

AU - Burger, T.

AU - Burkett, B.

AU - Bushnell, N.

AU - Campero, J.

AU - Chang, H. S.

AU - Chen, Z.

AU - Chiaro, B.

AU - Chik, D.

AU - Cogan, J.

AU - Collins, R.

AU - Conner, P.

AU - Courtney, W.

AU - Crook, A. L.

AU - Curtin, B.

AU - Debroy, D. M.

AU - Del Toro Barba, A.

AU - Demura, S.

AU - Di Paolo, A.

AU - Dunsworth, A.

AU - Earle, C.

AU - Faoro, L.

AU - Farhi, E.

AU - Fatemi, R.

AU - Ferreira, V. S.

AU - Burgos, L. Flores

AU - Forati, E.

AU - Fowler, A. G.

AU - Foxen, B.

AU - Garcia, G.

AU - Genois,

AU - Giang, W.

AU - Gidney, C.

AU - Gilboa, D.

AU - Giustina, M.

AU - Gosula, R.

AU - Dau, A. Grajales

AU - Gross, J. A.

AU - Habegger, S.

AU - Hamilton, M. C.

AU - Hansen, M.

AU - Harrigan, M. P.

AU - Harrington, S. D.

AU - Heu, P.

AU - Hill, G.

AU - Hoffmann, M. R.

AU - Hong, S.

AU - Huang, T.

AU - Huff, A.

AU - Huggins, W. J.

AU - Ioffe, L. B.

AU - Isakov, S. V.

AU - Iveland, J.

AU - Jeffrey, E.

AU - Jiang, Z.

AU - Jones, C.

AU - Juhas, P.

AU - Kafri, D.

AU - Khattar, T.

AU - Khezri, M.

AU - Kieferová, M.

AU - Kim, S.

AU - Kitaev, A.

AU - Klots, A. R.

AU - Korotkov, A. N.

AU - Kostritsa, F.

AU - Kreikebaum, J. M.

AU - Landhuis, D.

AU - Laptev, P.

AU - Lau, K. M.

AU - Laws, L.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Lee, K. W.

AU - Lensky, Y. D.

AU - Lester, B. J.

AU - Lill, A. T.

AU - Liu, W.

AU - Locharla, A.

AU - Mandrà, S.

AU - Martin, O.

AU - Martin, S.

AU - McClean, J. R.

AU - McEwen, M.

AU - Meeks, S.

AU - Miao, K. C.

AU - Mieszala, A.

AU - Montazeri, S.

AU - Movassagh, R.

AU - Mruczkiewicz, W.

AU - Nersisyan, A.

AU - Newman, M.

AU - Ng, J. H.

AU - Nguyen, A.

AU - Nguyen, M.

AU - Niu, M. Y.

AU - O’Brien, T. E.

AU - Omonije, S.

AU - Opremcak, A.

AU - Potter, R.

AU - Pryadko, L. P.

AU - Quintana, C.

AU - Rhodes, D. M.

AU - Rocque, C.

AU - Rubin, N. C.

AU - Saei, N.

AU - Sank, D.

AU - Sankaragomathi, K.

AU - Satzinger, K. J.

AU - Schurkus, H. F.

AU - Schuster, C.

AU - Shearn, M. J.

AU - Shorter, A.

AU - Shutty, N.

AU - Shvarts, V.

AU - Sivak, V.

AU - Skruzny, J.

AU - Smith, W. Clarke

AU - Somma, R. D.

AU - Sterling, G.

AU - Strain, D.

AU - Szalay, M.

AU - Thor, D.

AU - Torres, A.

AU - Vidal, G.

AU - Villalonga, B.

AU - Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff

AU - White, T.

AU - Woo, B. W.K.

AU - Xing, C.

AU - Yao, Z. Jamie

AU - Yeh, P.

AU - Yoo, J.

AU - Young, G.

AU - Zalcman, A.

AU - Zhang, Y.

AU - Zhu, N.

AU - Zobrist, N.

AU - Neven, H.

AU - Babbush, R.

AU - Bacon, D.

AU - Boixo, S.

AU - Hilton, J.

AU - Lucero, E.

AU - Megrant, A.

AU - Kelly, J.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Smelyanskiy, V.

AU - Khemani, V.

AU - Gopalakrishnan, S.

AU - Prosen, T.

AU - Roushan, P.

PY - 2024/4/5

Y1 - 2024/4/5

N2 - Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain’s center, PðMÞ. The first two moments of PðMÞ show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.

AB - Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain’s center, PðMÞ. The first two moments of PðMÞ show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85189832673

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85189832673#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1126/science.adi7877

DO - 10.1126/science.adi7877

M3 - Article

C2 - 38574139

AN - SCOPUS:85189832673

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 384

SP - 48

EP - 53

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6691

ER -

Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain

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