Early Intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder under 3 years of age: Recommendations for practice and research

Lonnie Zwaigenbaum, Margaret L. Bauman, Roula Choueiri, Connie Kasari, Alice Carter, Doreen Granpeesheh, Zoe Mailloux, Susanne Smith Roley, Sheldon Wagner, Deborah Fein, Karen Pierce, Timothy Buie, Patricia A. Davis, Craig Newschaffer, Diana Robins, Amy Wetherby, Wendy L. Stone, Nurit Yirmiya, Annette Estes, Robin L. HansenJames C. McPartland, Marvin R. Natowicz

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

445 Scopus citations

Abstract

This article reviews current evidence for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interventions for children aged < 3 years, based on peerreviewed articles published up to December 2013. Several groups have adapted treatments initially designed for older, preschool-aged children with ASD, integrating best practice in behavioral teaching methods into a developmental framework based on current scientific understanding of how infants and toddlers learn. The central role of parents has been emphasized, and interventions are designed to incorporate learning opportunities into everyday activities, capitalize on "teachable moments, " and facilitate the generalization of skills beyond the familiar home setting. Our review identified several comprehensive and targeted treatment models with evidence of clear benefits. Although some trials were limited to 8- to 12-week outcome data, enhanced outcomes associated with some interventions were evaluated over periods as long as 2 years. Based on this review, recommendations are proposed for clinical practice and future research.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)S60-S81
JournalPediatrics
Volume136
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 1 2015

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

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