Early-stage integration of architectural and structural performance in a parametric multi-objective design tool

In conceptual building design, an architect must simultaneously consider a variety of design objectives, including structural efficiency, total energy usage, and aesthetic expression. Multi-objective optimization (MOO) has been demonstrated to adequately account for designers’ needs and guide them towards high performing solutions early in the design process. However, conceptual building designers seldom use MOO in practice, and although the use of parametric design tools is widespread, these tools rarely give rapid, multidimensional performance feedback to guide design exploration. In response, this paper describes relevant MOO methods and discusses how architects and engineers can use them to generate diverse, high-performing designs. It also introduces a number of computational tools that support MOO implementation and are embedded in traditional parametric modeling software. Finally, this paper presents a design case study of a cantilevered stadium roof to show how designers can effectively set up and navigate an architectural design space.