TY - JOUR
T1 - Ecological half-life of 137Cs in fish from a stream contaminated by nuclear reactor effluents
AU - Peles, J. D.
AU - Bryan, A. L.
AU - Garten, C. T.
AU - Ribble, D. O.
AU - Smith, M. H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by contract DE-FC09-96SR18546 between the United States Department of Energy and the University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. All samples were obtained under state collecting permits and using the appropriate university animal care and use guidelines. P. Johns, M. Reider, J. Snodgrass, and W. Stephens Jr. assisted with collection of the most recent samples. The manuscript also benefited from previous discussions with I.L. Brisbin Jr. regarding the concept of ecological half-life.
PY - 2000/12/18
Y1 - 2000/12/18
N2 - Radiocesium (137Cs) concentrations were determined during 1974, 1981 and 1998 for seven species of fish inhabiting a stream (Steel Creek) contaminated by effluents from a nuclear reactor to examine the decline of this radionuclide in a natural ecosystem. Median 137Cs concentrations were highest in Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) during each year of the investigation (1974 = 6.67 Bq g-1 dry wt. of whole body; 1981 = 3.72 Bq g-1; 1998 = 0.35 Bq g-1), but no patterns of differences were observed among Aphredoderus sayanus (pirate perch), Esox americanus (redfin pickerel), Lepomis auritus (redbreast sunfish), L. gulosus (warmouth), L. punctatus (spotted sunfish), and Notropis cummingsae (dusky shiner). Results demonstrated a rapid decline in 137Cs within fish from Steel Creek during the 24-year period. For example, 137Cs concentrations in all fish species declined significantly among years, even after accounting for radioactive decay. The observed percent declines in 137Cs concentrations of individual species were 3-4 times greater between 1974 and 1981 compared to that expected by physical decay alone, and 2-3 times greater during 1981-1998. Ecological half-lives (EHLs) of 137Cs in fish ranged from 4.43 years in A. sayanus to 6.53 years in L. gulosus. The EHL for 137Cs in all fish species combined was 5.54 years. Current levels of 137Cs in fish from Steel Creek (1.16 Bq g-1 dry wt. of whole body to below detection limits) indicate that the consumption of fish from this ecosystem poses little risk to humans and sensitive wildlife species. These results demonstrate the importance of incorporating the concept of ecological half-life into determinations concerning the length and severity of potential risks associated with radiocontaminants. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.
AB - Radiocesium (137Cs) concentrations were determined during 1974, 1981 and 1998 for seven species of fish inhabiting a stream (Steel Creek) contaminated by effluents from a nuclear reactor to examine the decline of this radionuclide in a natural ecosystem. Median 137Cs concentrations were highest in Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass) during each year of the investigation (1974 = 6.67 Bq g-1 dry wt. of whole body; 1981 = 3.72 Bq g-1; 1998 = 0.35 Bq g-1), but no patterns of differences were observed among Aphredoderus sayanus (pirate perch), Esox americanus (redfin pickerel), Lepomis auritus (redbreast sunfish), L. gulosus (warmouth), L. punctatus (spotted sunfish), and Notropis cummingsae (dusky shiner). Results demonstrated a rapid decline in 137Cs within fish from Steel Creek during the 24-year period. For example, 137Cs concentrations in all fish species declined significantly among years, even after accounting for radioactive decay. The observed percent declines in 137Cs concentrations of individual species were 3-4 times greater between 1974 and 1981 compared to that expected by physical decay alone, and 2-3 times greater during 1981-1998. Ecological half-lives (EHLs) of 137Cs in fish ranged from 4.43 years in A. sayanus to 6.53 years in L. gulosus. The EHL for 137Cs in all fish species combined was 5.54 years. Current levels of 137Cs in fish from Steel Creek (1.16 Bq g-1 dry wt. of whole body to below detection limits) indicate that the consumption of fish from this ecosystem poses little risk to humans and sensitive wildlife species. These results demonstrate the importance of incorporating the concept of ecological half-life into determinations concerning the length and severity of potential risks associated with radiocontaminants. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00713-0
DO - 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00713-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 11194159
AN - SCOPUS:0034684765
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 263
SP - 255
EP - 262
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
IS - 1-3
ER -