TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Cesium Ions and Cesium Oxide in Side-Chain Alkylation of Toluene with Methanol over Cesium-Modified Zeolite X
AU - Han, He
AU - Liu, Min
AU - Ding, Fanshu
AU - Wang, Yiren
AU - Guo, Xinwen
AU - Song, Chunshan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2016/2/24
Y1 - 2016/2/24
N2 - The side-chain alkylation of toluene with methanol was studied on cesium-modified zeolite X prepared by ion-exchange and impregnation with different cesium precursors. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Ar physical adsorption-desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), CO2-TPD, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, ultraviolet-Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cesium hydroxide was found to be the most effective precursor for modifying zeolite X. Cesium ions bonded on the framework and cesium oxide formed in the pore were found to take different roles in this reaction. Cesium ions could adsorb and activate toluene or modify the basicity of framework oxygen, whereas cesium oxide could ensure the effective conversion of methanol to formaldehyde and inhibit the process of coke deposition. A possible reaction pathway for this reaction over cesium-modified samples was described. The synergistic effect of cesium ions and cesium oxide was proven to be important for the formation of styrene and ethylbenzene.
AB - The side-chain alkylation of toluene with methanol was studied on cesium-modified zeolite X prepared by ion-exchange and impregnation with different cesium precursors. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Ar physical adsorption-desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), CO2-TPD, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, ultraviolet-Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cesium hydroxide was found to be the most effective precursor for modifying zeolite X. Cesium ions bonded on the framework and cesium oxide formed in the pore were found to take different roles in this reaction. Cesium ions could adsorb and activate toluene or modify the basicity of framework oxygen, whereas cesium oxide could ensure the effective conversion of methanol to formaldehyde and inhibit the process of coke deposition. A possible reaction pathway for this reaction over cesium-modified samples was described. The synergistic effect of cesium ions and cesium oxide was proven to be important for the formation of styrene and ethylbenzene.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04174
DO - 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04174
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84959331348
SN - 0888-5885
VL - 55
SP - 1849
EP - 1858
JO - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
JF - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
IS - 7
ER -