Effects of gravitational orientation on surface deformation and weld pool geometry during gas tungsten arc welding

N. Kang, T. A. Mahank, A. K. Kulkarni, J. Singh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

Effects of gravitational orientation on gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding of nickel were studied to determine the impact of free-surface deformation on weld-pool shape. This was accomplished through GTA welding and a numerical study of the welding process. Welding was conducted by varying scan velocity and gravitational orientation, e.g., welding upward opposing gravity (parallel-up weld), welding downward with gravity (parallel-down weld), and welding perpendicular to gravity (perpendicular weld). Slower scan velocity produced more significant free surface deformation. Gravitational orientation caused 21% deeper penetration in the parallel-up weld compared with the parallel-down weld (resulting from 50% or more maximum surface deformation). Weld penetration of the perpendicular weld was between that of parallel-up and parallel-down cases. A model of the welding process, in which an experimentally generated free surface was implemented as a boundary condition, supported the results by showing similar trends.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)169-180
Number of pages12
JournalMaterials and Manufacturing Processes
Volume18
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2003

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Materials Science
  • Mechanics of Materials
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

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