TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of organic fractions on the formation and control of N-nitrosamine precursors during conventional drinking water treatment processes
AU - Wang, Chengkun
AU - Zhang, Xiaojian
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - Liu, Shuming
AU - Chen, Chao
AU - Xie, Yuefeng
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 51078208 ) and the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China (nos. 2008ZX07420-005 and 2009ZX07423-003 ).
PY - 2013/4/1
Y1 - 2013/4/1
N2 - Knowledge of N-nitrosamine precursors from dissolved organic matter (DOM) is important for water professionals to better control N-nitrosamine formation. The characterization of DOM from the Luan River in Northern China was conducted using Amberlite XAD resins and ultra-filtration methods. N-nitrosamine formation potentials were investigated for various DOM fractions. The removal of the DOM during water treatment were evaluated using dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 254nm (UV254) bulk parameters as well as size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that the XAD-4 hydrophilic fraction, with normalized yields of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) of 27.2, 5.2, 5.9, and 6.1ng/mg-DOC, respectively, tended to form more N-nitrosamines than the hydrophobic and the transphilic fractions. The DOM fraction with a molecular weight (MW) below 1kDa, with normalized yields of NDMA, NPYR, NMOR, and NPIP of 39.6, 8.1, 14.7, and 3.3ng/mg-DOC, respectively, tended to form more N-nitrosamines than those with a higher MW. The limited removal of the hydrophilic fraction and the lower MW DOM faction during conventional water treatment processes suggests that the process may not effectively remove the nitrosamine precursors.
AB - Knowledge of N-nitrosamine precursors from dissolved organic matter (DOM) is important for water professionals to better control N-nitrosamine formation. The characterization of DOM from the Luan River in Northern China was conducted using Amberlite XAD resins and ultra-filtration methods. N-nitrosamine formation potentials were investigated for various DOM fractions. The removal of the DOM during water treatment were evaluated using dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 254nm (UV254) bulk parameters as well as size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that the XAD-4 hydrophilic fraction, with normalized yields of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) of 27.2, 5.2, 5.9, and 6.1ng/mg-DOC, respectively, tended to form more N-nitrosamines than the hydrophobic and the transphilic fractions. The DOM fraction with a molecular weight (MW) below 1kDa, with normalized yields of NDMA, NPYR, NMOR, and NPIP of 39.6, 8.1, 14.7, and 3.3ng/mg-DOC, respectively, tended to form more N-nitrosamines than those with a higher MW. The limited removal of the hydrophilic fraction and the lower MW DOM faction during conventional water treatment processes suggests that the process may not effectively remove the nitrosamine precursors.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.080
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.080
M3 - Article
C2 - 23435061
AN - SCOPUS:84874449786
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 449
SP - 295
EP - 301
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -