Efficient continuous-duty Bitter-type electromagnets for cold atom experiments

Engineering & Materials Science

• Electromagnets 100%
• Atoms 80%
• Copper 63%
• Cooling water 34%
• Experiments 27%
• Magnetic fields 27%
• Polyesters 16%
• Hot Temperature 14%
• Seals 14%
• Energy dissipation 13%
• Cooling 10%
• Water 8%
• Temperature 6%

Physics & Astronomy

• electromagnets 98%
• copper 55%
• atoms 39%
• liquid cooling 38%
• heat 20%
• low resistance 17%
• polyesters 17%
• spacers 16%
• magnetic fields 15%
• arcs 12%
• coils 12%
• dissipation 12%
• cooling 10%
• water 8%
• characterization 8%
• temperature 4%
• energy 4%

Medicine & Life Sciences

• Magnets 95%
• Copper 77%
• Cold Temperature 69%
• Hot Temperature 24%
• Water 20%
• Aquaporins 20%
• Polyesters 19%
• Temperature 11%