TY - JOUR
T1 - Elicitation studies and the theory of planned behavior
T2 - A systematic review of exercise beliefs
AU - Downs, Danielle Symons
AU - Hausenblas, Heather A.
PY - 2005/1
Y1 - 2005/1
N2 - Background: Elicitation studies are recommended when using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to establish the cognitive foundation of a population's salient exercise beliefs. The TPB is frequently used to explain exercise intention and behavior, and its predictive utility is well-established. Limited research, however, has examined people's salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs for exercise-and the relative contribution of these beliefs for explaining attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Thus, to extend the explanatory utility of the TPB, a review of exercise elicitation studies is warranted. Purpose: To review TPB and exercise studies that conducted an elicitation study. Methods: A comprehensive literature search yielded 47 TPB studies that had conducted an elicitation study, spanning 22 yr (range: 1975-2002; 59.6% from the 1990s). Results and conclusions: We found that: (a) the most salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs were that exercise improves physical/psychological health, family members have the strongest normative influence on exercise, and physical limitations obstruct exercise, respectively; (b) the effect size for behavioral beliefs-attitude, normative beliefs-subjective norm, and control beliefs-perceived behavioral control were large; (c) the beliefs explained between 34% and 56% of the variance in attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control; and (d) insufficient information was reported for the elicitation studies' methods. The study findings illustrate the importance of conducting elicitation studies as a mechanism for understanding exercise behavior. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct elicitation studies, and to report more detailed information regarding their methods to aid in replication and interpretation.
AB - Background: Elicitation studies are recommended when using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to establish the cognitive foundation of a population's salient exercise beliefs. The TPB is frequently used to explain exercise intention and behavior, and its predictive utility is well-established. Limited research, however, has examined people's salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs for exercise-and the relative contribution of these beliefs for explaining attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Thus, to extend the explanatory utility of the TPB, a review of exercise elicitation studies is warranted. Purpose: To review TPB and exercise studies that conducted an elicitation study. Methods: A comprehensive literature search yielded 47 TPB studies that had conducted an elicitation study, spanning 22 yr (range: 1975-2002; 59.6% from the 1990s). Results and conclusions: We found that: (a) the most salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs were that exercise improves physical/psychological health, family members have the strongest normative influence on exercise, and physical limitations obstruct exercise, respectively; (b) the effect size for behavioral beliefs-attitude, normative beliefs-subjective norm, and control beliefs-perceived behavioral control were large; (c) the beliefs explained between 34% and 56% of the variance in attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control; and (d) insufficient information was reported for the elicitation studies' methods. The study findings illustrate the importance of conducting elicitation studies as a mechanism for understanding exercise behavior. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct elicitation studies, and to report more detailed information regarding their methods to aid in replication and interpretation.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychsport.2003.08.001
DO - 10.1016/j.psychsport.2003.08.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:8144226845
SN - 1469-0292
VL - 6
SP - 1
EP - 31
JO - Psychology of Sport and Exercise
JF - Psychology of Sport and Exercise
IS - 1
ER -