Emotion-Inspired Comprehensive Optimal Control for Transient Stability and Voltage Regulation in Power Systems

This paper presents a comprehensive controller that integrates both intelligent and classical control strategies to enhance transient stability and voltage regulation in power systems. The design process addresses the inherent nonlinear dynamics of power systems. Initially, a state feedback linearization (SFBL) control law is derived to transform the nonlinear system into a closed-loop linear model. Subsequently, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is designed to ensure system stability while minimizing a predefined cost function. To further enhance voltage regulation, a controller inspired by human emotional responses is developed and fine-tuned using genetic algorithm optimization, which adjusts the five key gains of the emotional controller. Additionally, a fuzzy logic-based comprehensive controller is introduced to balance transient response and voltage regulation performance. The closed-loop control systems are evaluated under various operating conditions, including changes in active and reactive power demands and three-phase ground faults at both the transmission line and generator terminals. MATLAB simulations demonstrate the superior performance of the comprehensive controller compared to the LQR controller. Furthermore, the proposed controller is compared against a conventional setup, which includes a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR), using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing with a Plexim RT-Box and a TI C2000 microcontroller. The results confirm that the proposed controller delivers improved stability and more effective voltage regulation.