Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing

Yuqi Jiang; Zhiding Liang; Yan Li; Liang Du; Muhammad Ismail

doi:10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011

Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing

Yuqi Jiang
, Zhiding Liang
, Yan Li
, Liang Du
, Muhammad Ismail

Electrical Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

Determining the location of the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is crucial for the giant-size distribution network's observability. When the number of PMUs is restricted, Maximizing Observability via Optimal PMU Placement (MOPP) is an NP-hard optimization problem. The Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is introduced to the MOPP. Numerical examples indicate that with the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum simulators, QAOA can surpass traditional heuristic algorithms for small problem sizes. As quantum hardware continues to improve, QAOA's potential becomes more significant for larger problem sizes. An analysis of QAOA's computational complexity also illustrates its scalability and potential for quantum advantage in power grid optimization.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025
Publisher	IEEE Computer Society
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331509958
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011
State	Published - 2025
Event	2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025 - Austin, United States Duration: Jul 27 2025 → Jul 31 2025

Publication series

Name	IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting
ISSN (Print)	1944-9925
ISSN (Electronic)	1944-9933

Conference

Conference	2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025
Country/Territory	United States
City	Austin
Period	7/27/25 → 7/31/25

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011

Cite this

@inproceedings{b41076a27f8b4df9ae4e8c0276e9d893,

title = "Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing",

abstract = "Determining the location of the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is crucial for the giant-size distribution network's observability. When the number of PMUs is restricted, Maximizing Observability via Optimal PMU Placement (MOPP) is an NP-hard optimization problem. The Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is introduced to the MOPP. Numerical examples indicate that with the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum simulators, QAOA can surpass traditional heuristic algorithms for small problem sizes. As quantum hardware continues to improve, QAOA's potential becomes more significant for larger problem sizes. An analysis of QAOA's computational complexity also illustrates its scalability and potential for quantum advantage in power grid optimization.",

author = "Yuqi Jiang and Zhiding Liang and Yan Li and Liang Du and Muhammad Ismail",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025 ; Conference date: 27-07-2025 Through 31-07-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011",

language = "English (US)",

series = "IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting",

publisher = "IEEE Computer Society",

booktitle = "2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025",

address = "United States",

}

Jiang, Y, Liang, Z, Li, Y, Du, L & Ismail, M 2025, Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing. in 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE Computer Society, 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025, Austin, United States, 7/27/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011

TY - GEN

T1 - Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing

AU - Jiang, Yuqi

AU - Liang, Zhiding

AU - Li, Yan

AU - Du, Liang

AU - Ismail, Muhammad

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Determining the location of the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is crucial for the giant-size distribution network's observability. When the number of PMUs is restricted, Maximizing Observability via Optimal PMU Placement (MOPP) is an NP-hard optimization problem. The Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is introduced to the MOPP. Numerical examples indicate that with the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum simulators, QAOA can surpass traditional heuristic algorithms for small problem sizes. As quantum hardware continues to improve, QAOA's potential becomes more significant for larger problem sizes. An analysis of QAOA's computational complexity also illustrates its scalability and potential for quantum advantage in power grid optimization.

AB - Determining the location of the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is crucial for the giant-size distribution network's observability. When the number of PMUs is restricted, Maximizing Observability via Optimal PMU Placement (MOPP) is an NP-hard optimization problem. The Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is introduced to the MOPP. Numerical examples indicate that with the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum simulators, QAOA can surpass traditional heuristic algorithms for small problem sizes. As quantum hardware continues to improve, QAOA's potential becomes more significant for larger problem sizes. An analysis of QAOA's computational complexity also illustrates its scalability and potential for quantum advantage in power grid optimization.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105025192729

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105025192729#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011

DO - 10.1109/PESGM52009.2025.11225011

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105025192729

T3 - IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting

BT - 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025

PB - IEEE Computer Society

T2 - 2025 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2025

Y2 - 27 July 2025 through 31 July 2025

ER -

Enhancing Grid Observability through Optimized PMU Placement Using Quantum Computing

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

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Cite this