Estimating the effect of Prenatal Care Coordination in Wisconsin: A sibling fixed effects analysis

David C. Mallinson, Andrea Larson, Lawrence M. Berger, Eric Grodsky, Deborah B. Ehrenthal

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To estimate Prenatal Care Coordination’s (PNCC) effect on birth outcomes for Wisconsin Medicaid-covered deliveries. Data Source: A longitudinal cohort of linked Wisconsin birth records (2008-2012), Medicaid claims, and state-administered social services. Study Design: We defined PNCC treatment dichotomously (none vs. any) and by service level (none vs. assessment/care plan only vs. service uptake). Outcomes were birthweight (grams), low birthweight (<2500 g), gestational age (completed weeks), and preterm birth (<37 weeks). We estimated PNCC′s effect on birth outcomes, adjusting for maternal characteristics, using inverse-probability of treatment weighted and sibling fixed effects regressions. Data Collection/Extraction Methods: We identified 136 224 Medicaid-paid deliveries, of which 33 073 (24.3 percent) linked to any PNCC claim and 22 563 (16.6 percent) linked to claims for PNCC service uptake. Principal Findings: Sibling fixed effects models—which best adjust for unobserved confounding and treatment selection—produced the largest estimates for all outcomes. For example, in these models, PNCC service uptake was associated with a 1.3 percentage point (14 percent) reduction and a 1.8 percentage point (17 percent) reduction in the probabilities of low birthweight and preterm birth, respectively (all P <.05). Conclusions: PNCC′s modest but significant improvement of birth outcomes should motivate stronger PNCC outreach and implementation of similar programs elsewhere.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)82-93
Number of pages12
JournalHealth Services Research
Volume55
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Health Policy

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