Estimation of outdoor sound fields using interpolation and geostatistical models

With the advent of cheaper and more reliable noise monitoring technology, it is now feasible to use continuously running networks of noise monitors to estimate outdoor sound fields. Continuous monitoring offers an improved way to assess noise, in addition to, or perhaps in place of, propagation modeling. The potential improvements include faster computations, fewer model assumptions, and improved accuracy. This study explores the feasibility of accurately estimating sound pressure levels between and beyond noise monitoring stations using simple interpolation models and the data gathered from noise monitoring stations scattered over a large region. Specifically, the interpolation models are evaluated using simulated noise monitor data gathered under weakly stable atmospheric conditions in three different 64 km2 regions. The feasibility of using interpolation models to estimate sound pressure fields is discussed in terms of the uncertainty of sound pressure field estimates, sensitivity of the models to atmospheric variability, sensor density and geometry, and model validation procedures.