Evaluation of resistance skills training using multitrait-multimethod role play skill assessments

Even though resistance skills training is a fundamental component of many social influence prevention programs, few researchers have adequately evaluated whether such training results in improved resistance skills. This study evaluated the immediate effects of resistance skills training in Project AAPT, a school-based alcohol use prevention program. A multitrait-multimethod assessment procedure was used to differentiate alcohol refusal skills and refusal self efficacy of subjects who received skills training from those who received another type of prevention curriculum. The procedure utilized three raters (an adult data collector, a student observer and the subject him/herself) to assess responses to a role played beer offer. Results indicated that students who received the resistance training curriculum performed better on the skill measure, and showed greater refusal self efficacy than did students who received the other prevention curricula. Students who received the training were also more likely to use two of the four refusal techniques emphasized in the curriculum, giving a reason or excuse, and applying counterpressure than were untrained students. These results strengthen the argument that improved resistance skills are a significant mediator of prevention program outcomes.