TY - JOUR
T1 - Exome Chip Meta-analysis Fine Maps Causal Variants and Elucidates the Genetic Architecture of Rare Coding Variants in Smoking and Alcohol Use
AU - CHD Exome+ Consortium
AU - Consortium for Genetics of Smoking Behaviour
AU - Brazel, David M.
AU - Jiang, Yu
AU - Hughey, Jordan M.
AU - Turcot, Valérie
AU - Zhan, Xiaowei
AU - Gong, Jian
AU - Batini, Chiara
AU - Weissenkampen, J. Dylan
AU - Liu, Meng Zhen
AU - Surendran, Praveen
AU - Young, Robin
AU - Barnes, Daniel R.
AU - Nielsen, Sune Fallgaard
AU - Rasheed, Asif
AU - Samuel, Maria
AU - Zhao, Wei
AU - Kontto, Jukka
AU - Perola, Markus
AU - Caslake, Muriel
AU - de Craen, Anton J.M.
AU - Trompet, Stella
AU - Uria-Nickelsen, Maria
AU - Malarstig, Anders
AU - Reily, Dermot F.
AU - Hoek, Maarten
AU - Vogt, Thomas
AU - Jukema, J. Wouter
AU - Sattar, Naveed
AU - Ford, Ian
AU - Packard, Chris J.
AU - Alam, Dewan S.
AU - Majumder, Abdulla al Shafi
AU - Di Angelantonio, Emanuele
AU - Chowdhury, Rajiv
AU - Amouyel, Philippe
AU - Arveiler, Dominique
AU - Blankenberg, Stefan
AU - Ferrières, Jean
AU - Kee, Frank
AU - Kuulasmaa, Kari
AU - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina
AU - Veronesi, Giovanni
AU - Virtamo, Jarmo
AU - EPIC-CVD Consortium, Consortium
AU - Frossard, Philippe
AU - Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne
AU - Saleheen, Danish
AU - Danesh, John
AU - Butterworth, Adam S.
AU - Liu, Dajiang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Society of Biological Psychiatry
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 - Background: Smoking and alcohol use have been associated with common genetic variants in multiple loci. Rare variants within these loci hold promise in the identification of biological mechanisms in substance use. Exome arrays and genotype imputation can now efficiently genotype rare nonsynonymous and loss of function variants. Such variants are expected to have deleterious functional consequences and to contribute to disease risk. Methods: We analyzed ∼250,000 rare variants from 16 independent studies genotyped with exome arrays and augmented this dataset with imputed data from the UK Biobank. Associations were tested for five phenotypes: cigarettes per day, pack-years, smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, and alcoholic drinks per week. We conducted stratified heritability analyses, single-variant tests, and gene-based burden tests of nonsynonymous/loss-of-function coding variants. We performed a novel fine-mapping analysis to winnow the number of putative causal variants within associated loci. Results: Meta-analytic sample sizes ranged from 152,348 to 433,216, depending on the phenotype. Rare coding variation explained 1.1% to 2.2% of phenotypic variance, reflecting 11% to 18% of the total single nucleotide polymorphism heritability of these phenotypes. We identified 171 genome-wide associated loci across all phenotypes. Fine mapping identified putative causal variants with double base-pair resolution at 24 of these loci, and between three and 10 variants for 65 loci. Twenty loci contained rare coding variants in the 95% credible intervals. Conclusions: Rare coding variation significantly contributes to the heritability of smoking and alcohol use. Fine-mapping genome-wide association study loci identifies specific variants contributing to the biological etiology of substance use behavior.
AB - Background: Smoking and alcohol use have been associated with common genetic variants in multiple loci. Rare variants within these loci hold promise in the identification of biological mechanisms in substance use. Exome arrays and genotype imputation can now efficiently genotype rare nonsynonymous and loss of function variants. Such variants are expected to have deleterious functional consequences and to contribute to disease risk. Methods: We analyzed ∼250,000 rare variants from 16 independent studies genotyped with exome arrays and augmented this dataset with imputed data from the UK Biobank. Associations were tested for five phenotypes: cigarettes per day, pack-years, smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, and alcoholic drinks per week. We conducted stratified heritability analyses, single-variant tests, and gene-based burden tests of nonsynonymous/loss-of-function coding variants. We performed a novel fine-mapping analysis to winnow the number of putative causal variants within associated loci. Results: Meta-analytic sample sizes ranged from 152,348 to 433,216, depending on the phenotype. Rare coding variation explained 1.1% to 2.2% of phenotypic variance, reflecting 11% to 18% of the total single nucleotide polymorphism heritability of these phenotypes. We identified 171 genome-wide associated loci across all phenotypes. Fine mapping identified putative causal variants with double base-pair resolution at 24 of these loci, and between three and 10 variants for 65 loci. Twenty loci contained rare coding variants in the 95% credible intervals. Conclusions: Rare coding variation significantly contributes to the heritability of smoking and alcohol use. Fine-mapping genome-wide association study loci identifies specific variants contributing to the biological etiology of substance use behavior.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.024
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 30679032
AN - SCOPUS:85060224532
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 85
SP - 946
EP - 955
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 11
ER -