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Exploring the connection between compact object mergers and fast X-ray transients The cases of LXT 240402A and EP250207b

  • R. L. Becerra
  • , Y. H. Yang
  • , E. Troja
  • , M. El Kabir
  • , S. Dichiara
  • , N. Passaleva
  • , B. O’Connor
  • , R. Ricci
  • , C. Fryer
  • , L. Hu
  • , Q. Wu
  • , M. Yadav
  • , A. M. Watson
  • , A. Tsvetkova
  • , C. Angulo-Valdez
  • , M. D. Caballero-García
  • , A. J. Castro-Tirado
  • , C. C. Cheung
  • , D. Frederiks
  • , M. Gritsevich
  • J. E. Grove, M. Kerr, W. H. Lee, A. L. Lysenko, M. Pereyra, A. Ridnaia, R. Sánchez-Ramírez, H. Sun, D. Svinkin, M. Ulanov, R. Woolf, B. Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Context. The connection between compact object mergers and some extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXRTs) has long been hypothesised but never ultimately established. Aims. In this work, we investigate two FXRTs, the LEIA X-ray Transient LXT 240402A and the Einstein Probe EP 250207b, whose precise positions lie close to nearby (z ≲ 0.1) quiescent galaxies with a negligible probability of chance coincidence, identifying them as particularly promising cases of merger-driven explosions in the local Universe. Methods. We used Chandra to derive accurate localisations for both events and secure otherwise ambiguous associations with their optical counterparts. Deep optical and near-infrared observations with VLT, GTC, and LBT were performed to characterise the surrounding environment and search for kilonova emission, the hallmark of neutron star mergers. Complementary early-time X-ray monitoring with Swift and Einstein Probe was used to constrain the non-thermal afterglow. Results. We find that both FXRTs remain compatible with a compact binary merger progenitor, which produced low-mass ejecta and kilonova emission subdominant to the afterglow. However, alternative explanations such as a distant (z ≳ 1) core-collapse supernova cannot be conclusively ruled out.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numberA233
JournalAstronomy and Astrophysics
Volume705
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2026

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

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