External and internal morphology of the BAR 1002′00 Orrorin tugenensis femur

K. Galik; B. Senut; M. Pickford; D. Gommery; J. Treil; A. J. Kuperavage; R. B. Eckhardt

doi:10.1126/science.1098807

External and internal morphology of the BAR 1002′00 Orrorin tugenensis femur

K. Galik, B. Senut, M. Pickford, D. Gommery, J. Treil, A. J. Kuperavage, R. B. Eckhardt

Kinesiology

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Abstract

Late Miocene fossils from the Lukeino Formation in Kenya's Tugen Hills are assigned to Orrorin tugenensis. Of 20 fossils recovered there to date, 3 are proximal femurs. One of these, BAR 1002′00, preserves an intact head connected to the proximal shaft by an elongated neck. Although this fossil is comparable in size to Pan troglodytes, computerized tomography scans of the neck-shaft junction of BAR 1002′00 reveal that the cortex is markedly thinner superiorly than inferiorly, differing from the approximately equal cortical thicknesses observed in extant African apes, approaching the condition in later hominids, and indicating that O. tugenensis was bipedal.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1450-1453
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	305
Issue number	5689
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1098807
State	Published - Sep 3 2004

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title = "External and internal morphology of the BAR 1002′00 Orrorin tugenensis femur",

abstract = "Late Miocene fossils from the Lukeino Formation in Kenya's Tugen Hills are assigned to Orrorin tugenensis. Of 20 fossils recovered there to date, 3 are proximal femurs. One of these, BAR 1002′00, preserves an intact head connected to the proximal shaft by an elongated neck. Although this fossil is comparable in size to Pan troglodytes, computerized tomography scans of the neck-shaft junction of BAR 1002′00 reveal that the cortex is markedly thinner superiorly than inferiorly, differing from the approximately equal cortical thicknesses observed in extant African apes, approaching the condition in later hominids, and indicating that O. tugenensis was bipedal.",

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AU - Galik, K.

AU - Senut, B.

AU - Pickford, M.

AU - Gommery, D.

AU - Treil, J.

AU - Kuperavage, A. J.

AU - Eckhardt, R. B.

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AB - Late Miocene fossils from the Lukeino Formation in Kenya's Tugen Hills are assigned to Orrorin tugenensis. Of 20 fossils recovered there to date, 3 are proximal femurs. One of these, BAR 1002′00, preserves an intact head connected to the proximal shaft by an elongated neck. Although this fossil is comparable in size to Pan troglodytes, computerized tomography scans of the neck-shaft junction of BAR 1002′00 reveal that the cortex is markedly thinner superiorly than inferiorly, differing from the approximately equal cortical thicknesses observed in extant African apes, approaching the condition in later hominids, and indicating that O. tugenensis was bipedal.

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External and internal morphology of the BAR 1002′00 Orrorin tugenensis femur

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